/ Usenet 1993 July / InfoMagic USENET CD-ROM July 1993.ISO / sources / std_unix / mod.std.unix.v5

< prev

next >

MacOS 8.1

Win98

DOS

browse contents

view JSON data

view as text

+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 46 72 6f 6d 20 6a 73 71 | 20 20 57 65 64 20 4a 61 |From jsq|  Wed Ja|
|00000010| 6e 20 20 31 20 30 37 3a | 35 32 3a 31 32 20 31 39 |n  1 07:|52:12 19|
|00000020| 38 36 0a 46 72 6f 6d 3a | 20 73 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 |86.From:| std-uni|
|00000030| 78 25 75 74 2d 73 61 6c | 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 50 40 |x%ut-sal|ly.UUCP@|
|00000040| 53 41 4c 4c 59 2e 55 54 | 45 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 |SALLY.UT|EXAS.EDU|
|00000050| 20 28 4d 6f 64 65 72 61 | 74 6f 72 2c 20 4a 6f 68 | (Modera|tor, Joh|
|00000060| 6e 20 51 75 61 72 74 65 | 72 6d 61 6e 29 0a 4e 65 |n Quarte|rman).Ne|
|00000070| 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 73 | 3a 20 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 |wsgroups|: mod.st|
|00000080| 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 0a 53 | 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 |d.unix.S|ubject: |
|00000090| 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e | 75 6e 69 78 20 56 6f 6c |mod.std.|unix Vol|
|000000a0| 75 6d 65 20 35 3b 20 56 | 35 4e 31 0a 4d 65 73 73 |ume 5; V|5N1.Mess|
|000000b0| 61 67 65 2d 49 64 3a 20 | 3c 33 39 30 30 40 75 74 |age-Id: |<3900@ut|
|000000c0| 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 | 55 43 50 3e 0a 4f 72 67 |-sally.U|UCP>.Org|
|000000d0| 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f | 6e 3a 20 49 45 45 45 2f |anizatio|n: IEEE/|
|000000e0| 50 31 30 30 33 20 50 6f | 72 74 61 62 6c 65 20 4f |P1003 Po|rtable O|
|000000f0| 70 65 72 61 74 69 6e 67 | 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 |perating| System |
|00000100| 45 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 43 6f 6d 6d |Environm|ent Comm|
|00000110| 69 74 74 65 65 0a 44 61 | 74 65 3a 20 31 20 4a 61 |ittee.Da|te: 1 Ja|
|00000120| 6e 20 38 36 20 31 33 3a | 35 31 3a 35 38 20 47 4d |n 86 13:|51:58 GM|
|00000130| 54 0a 44 72 61 66 74 2d | 39 3a 20 6d 6f 64 2e 73 |T.Draft-|9: mod.s|
|00000140| 74 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 0a | 0a 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 |td.unix.|.This is|
|00000150| 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 | 73 74 20 61 72 74 69 63 | the fir|st artic|
|00000160| 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 56 6f | 6c 75 6d 65 20 35 20 6f |le in Vo|lume 5 o|
|00000170| 66 20 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 | 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 2f 73 |f mod.st|d.unix/s|
|00000180| 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 2e | 0a 54 68 65 73 65 20 76 |td-unix.|.These v|
|00000190| 6f 6c 75 6d 65 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 73 74 72 69 63 |olumes a|re stric|
|000001a0| 74 6c 79 20 66 6f 72 20 | 61 64 6d 69 6e 69 73 74 |tly for |administ|
|000001b0| 72 61 74 69 76 65 20 63 | 6f 6e 76 65 6e 69 65 6e |rative c|onvenien|
|000001c0| 63 65 2e 20 20 54 68 69 | 73 0a 6f 6e 65 20 73 74 |ce.  Thi|s.one st|
|000001d0| 61 72 74 73 20 6e 6f 77 | 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 65 |arts now| because|
|000001e0| 20 49 20 6d 61 69 6c 65 | 64 20 63 6f 70 69 65 73 | I maile|d copies|
|000001f0| 20 6f 66 20 56 6f 6c 75 | 6d 65 73 20 33 20 61 6e | of Volu|mes 3 an|
|00000200| 64 20 34 20 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 0a 50 31 30 30 33 |d 4 to t|he.P1003|
|00000210| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 | 65 65 20 63 68 61 69 72 | committ|ee chair|
|00000220| 20 77 69 74 68 20 6d 79 | 20 62 61 6c 6c 6f 74 20 | with my| ballot |
|00000230| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 54 | 72 69 61 6c 20 55 73 65 |on the T|rial Use|
|00000240| 20 53 74 61 6e 64 61 72 | 64 0a 28 49 27 6d 20 74 | Standar|d.(I'm t|
|00000250| 68 65 20 72 65 70 72 65 | 73 65 6e 74 61 74 69 76 |he repre|sentativ|
|00000260| 65 20 6f 66 20 55 53 45 | 4e 49 58 20 6f 6e 20 74 |e of USE|NIX on t|
|00000270| 68 65 20 50 31 30 30 33 | 20 63 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 |he P1003| committ|
|00000280| 65 65 29 2e 0a 50 61 70 | 65 72 20 63 6f 70 69 65 |ee)..Pap|er copie|
|00000290| 73 20 6f 66 20 76 6f 6c | 75 6d 65 73 20 31 20 61 |s of vol|umes 1 a|
|000002a0| 6e 64 20 32 20 68 61 64 | 20 62 65 65 6e 20 64 65 |nd 2 had| been de|
|000002b0| 6c 69 76 65 72 65 64 20 | 70 72 65 76 69 6f 75 73 |livered |previous|
|000002c0| 6c 79 0a 61 6e 64 20 73 | 65 76 65 72 61 6c 20 63 |ly.and s|everal c|
|000002d0| 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 65 | 20 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 73 |ommittee| members|
|000002e0| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 20 | 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 73 | follow |the news|
|000002f0| 67 72 6f 75 70 20 6f 6e | 2d 6c 69 6e 65 2e 0a 0a |group on|-line...|
|00000300| 46 65 65 6c 20 66 72 65 | 65 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e |Feel fre|e to con|
|00000310| 74 69 6e 75 65 20 61 6e | 79 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 |tinue an|y discus|
|00000320| 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 70 |sions fr|om the p|
|00000330| 72 65 76 69 6f 75 73 20 | 76 6f 6c 75 6d 65 0a 6f |revious |volume.o|
|00000340| 72 20 74 6f 20 73 74 61 | 72 74 20 6e 65 77 20 64 |r to sta|rt new d|
|00000350| 69 73 63 75 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 2e 0a 0a 0a 54 68 |iscussio|ns....Th|
|00000360| 65 20 55 53 45 4e 45 54 | 20 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f |e USENET| newsgro|
|00000370| 75 70 20 6d 6f 64 2e 73 | 74 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 20 |up mod.s|td.unix |
|00000380| 69 73 20 66 6f 72 20 64 | 69 73 63 75 73 73 69 6f |is for d|iscussio|
|00000390| 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 55 4e | 49 58 20 73 74 61 6e 64 |ns of UN|IX stand|
|000003a0| 61 72 64 73 2c 0a 70 61 | 72 74 69 63 75 6c 61 72 |ards,.pa|rticular|
|000003b0| 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 49 | 45 45 45 20 50 31 30 30 |ly the I|EEE P100|
|000003c0| 33 20 64 72 61 66 74 20 | 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 |3 draft |standard|
|000003d0| 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 | 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 64 69 |.  It is| also di|
|000003e0| 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 | 64 0a 69 6e 20 61 6e 20 |stribute|d.in an |
|000003f0| 41 52 50 41 20 49 6e 74 | 65 72 6e 65 74 20 6d 61 |ARPA Int|ernet ma|
|00000400| 69 6c 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 | 73 74 2e 20 20 49 27 6d |iling li|st.  I'm|
|00000410| 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 64 | 65 72 61 74 6f 72 2c 20 | the mod|erator, |
|00000420| 77 68 69 63 68 20 6d 6f | 73 74 6c 79 0a 6d 65 61 |which mo|stly.mea|
|00000430| 6e 73 20 49 20 70 6f 73 | 74 20 77 68 61 74 20 79 |ns I pos|t what y|
|00000440| 6f 75 20 73 65 6e 64 20 | 6d 65 2e 0a 0a 53 75 62 |ou send |me...Sub|
|00000450| 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 2d 54 6f 3a 09 75 74 2d |missions|-To:.ut-|
|00000460| 73 61 6c 6c 79 21 73 74 | 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 09 6f |sally!st|d-unix.o|
|00000470| 72 20 73 74 64 2d 75 6e | 69 78 40 73 61 6c 6c 79 |r std-un|ix@sally|
|00000480| 2e 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e | 45 44 55 0a 43 6f 6d 6d |.UTEXAS.|EDU.Comm|
|00000490| 65 6e 74 73 2d 54 6f 3a | 20 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c |ents-To:| ut-sall|
|000004a0| 79 21 73 74 64 2d 75 6e | 69 78 2d 72 65 71 75 65 |y!std-un|ix-reque|
|000004b0| 73 74 09 6f 72 20 73 74 | 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 2d 72 |st.or st|d-unix-r|
|000004c0| 65 71 75 65 73 74 40 73 | 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 54 45 |equest@s|ally.UTE|
|000004d0| 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 0a | 55 55 43 50 2d 52 6f 75 |XAS.EDU.|UUCP-Rou|
|000004e0| 74 65 73 3a 20 7b 69 68 | 6e 70 34 2c 73 65 69 73 |tes: {ih|np4,seis|
|000004f0| 6d 6f 2c 68 61 72 76 61 | 72 64 2c 67 61 74 65 63 |mo,harva|rd,gatec|
|00000500| 68 7d 21 75 74 2d 73 61 | 6c 6c 79 21 73 74 64 2d |h}!ut-sa|lly!std-|
|00000510| 75 6e 69 78 0a 0a 50 65 | 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e |unix..Pe|rmission|
|00000520| 20 74 6f 20 70 6f 73 74 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | to post| to the |
|00000530| 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 | 70 20 69 73 20 61 73 73 |newsgrou|p is ass|
|00000540| 75 6d 65 64 20 66 6f 72 | 20 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 6f |umed for| mail to|
|00000550| 20 73 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 | 78 2e 0a 50 65 72 6d 69 | std-uni|x..Permi|
|00000560| 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f | 20 70 6f 73 74 20 69 73 |ssion to| post is|
|00000570| 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 73 73 | 75 6d 65 64 20 66 6f 72 | not ass|umed for|
|00000580| 20 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 6f | 20 73 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 | mail to| std-uni|
|00000590| 78 2d 72 65 71 75 65 73 | 74 2c 0a 75 6e 6c 65 73 |x-reques|t,.unles|
|000005a0| 73 20 65 78 70 6c 69 63 | 69 74 6c 79 20 67 72 61 |s explic|itly gra|
|000005b0| 6e 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6c |nted in |the mail|
|000005c0| 2e 20 20 4d 61 69 6c 20 | 74 6f 20 6d 79 20 70 65 |.  Mail |to my pe|
|000005d0| 72 73 6f 6e 61 6c 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 65 73 |rsonal a|ddresses|
|000005e0| 0a 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 | 20 74 72 65 61 74 65 64 |.will be| treated|
|000005f0| 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 6d 61 | 69 6c 20 74 6f 20 73 74 | like ma|il to st|
|00000600| 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 2d 72 | 65 71 75 65 73 74 20 69 |d-unix-r|equest i|
|00000610| 66 20 69 74 20 6f 62 76 | 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 72 |f it obv|iously r|
|00000620| 65 66 65 72 73 0a 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 |efers.to| the new|
|00000630| 73 67 72 6f 75 70 2e 0a | 0a 41 72 63 68 69 76 65 |sgroup..|.Archive|
|00000640| 73 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 | 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 6f |s may be| found o|
|00000650| 6e 20 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e | 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e 45 |n sally.|UTEXAS.E|
|00000660| 44 55 2e 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 |DU.  The| current|
|00000670| 20 76 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 | 6d 61 79 0a 62 65 20 72 | volume |may.be r|
|00000680| 65 74 72 65 69 76 65 64 | 20 62 79 20 61 6e 6f 6e |etreived| by anon|
|00000690| 79 6d 6f 75 73 20 66 74 | 70 20 28 6c 6f 67 69 6e |ymous ft|p (login|
|000006a0| 20 61 6e 6f 6e 79 6d 6f | 75 73 2c 20 70 61 73 73 | anonymo|us, pass|
|000006b0| 77 6f 72 64 20 67 75 65 | 73 74 29 0a 61 73 20 7e |word gue|st).as ~|
|000006c0| 66 74 70 2f 70 75 62 2f | 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e |ftp/pub/|mod.std.|
|000006d0| 75 6e 69 78 2c 20 77 68 | 69 6c 65 20 74 68 65 20 |unix, wh|ile the |
|000006e0| 70 72 65 76 69 6f 75 73 | 20 76 6f 6c 75 6d 65 73 |previous| volumes|
|000006f0| 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 | 72 65 74 72 69 65 76 65 | may be |retrieve|
|00000700| 64 0a 61 73 20 7e 66 74 | 70 2f 70 75 62 2f 6d 6f |d.as ~ft|p/pub/mo|
|00000710| 64 2e 73 74 64 2e 75 6e | 69 78 2e 76 31 2c 20 7e |d.std.un|ix.v1, ~|
|00000720| 66 74 70 2f 70 75 62 2f | 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e |ftp/pub/|mod.std.|
|00000730| 75 6e 69 78 2e 76 32 2c | 20 65 74 63 2e 0a 54 68 |unix.v2,| etc..Th|
|00000740| 65 20 76 6f 6c 75 6d 65 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 |e volume| with th|
|00000750| 65 20 41 54 26 54 20 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 6f |e AT&T p|ublic do|
|00000760| 6d 61 69 6e 20 67 65 74 | 6f 70 74 28 33 29 20 69 |main get|opt(3) i|
|00000770| 73 20 7e 66 74 70 2f 70 | 75 62 2f 6d 6f 64 2e 73 |s ~ftp/p|ub/mod.s|
|00000780| 74 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 2e | 76 33 2e 0a 0a 46 69 6e |td.unix.|v3...Fin|
|00000790| 61 6c 6c 79 2c 20 72 65 | 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 20 74 |ally, re|member t|
|000007a0| 68 61 74 20 61 6e 79 20 | 72 65 6d 61 72 6b 73 20 |hat any |remarks |
|000007b0| 62 79 20 61 6e 79 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 65 |by any c|ommittee|
|000007c0| 20 6d 65 6d 62 65 72 20 | 28 65 73 70 65 63 69 61 | member |(especia|
|000007d0| 6c 6c 79 0a 69 6e 63 6c | 75 64 69 6e 67 20 6d 65 |lly.incl|uding me|
|000007e0| 29 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 6e 65 77 73 67 72 |) in thi|s newsgr|
|000007f0| 6f 75 70 20 64 6f 20 6e | 6f 74 20 72 65 70 72 65 |oup do n|ot repre|
|00000800| 73 65 6e 74 20 61 6e 79 | 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f |sent any| positio|
|00000810| 6e 20 28 69 6e 63 6c 75 | 64 69 6e 67 0a 61 6e 79 |n (inclu|ding.any|
|00000820| 20 64 72 61 66 74 2c 20 | 70 72 6f 70 6f 73 65 64 | draft, |proposed|
|00000830| 20 6f 72 20 61 63 74 75 | 61 6c 2c 20 6f 66 20 74 | or actu|al, of t|
|00000840| 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e 64 | 61 72 64 29 20 6f 66 20 |he stand|ard) of |
|00000850| 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d | 69 74 74 65 65 20 61 73 |the comm|ittee as|
|00000860| 20 61 0a 77 68 6f 6c 65 | 2c 20 75 6e 6c 65 73 73 | a.whole|, unless|
|00000870| 20 65 78 70 6c 69 63 69 | 74 6c 79 20 73 74 61 74 | explici|tly stat|
|00000880| 65 64 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 77 69 73 65 20 69 6e 20 |ed other|wise in |
|00000890| 73 75 63 68 20 72 65 6d | 61 72 6b 73 2e 0a 0a 56 |such rem|arks...V|
|000008a0| 6f 6c 75 6d 65 2d 4e 75 | 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 56 6f |olume-Nu|mber: Vo|
|000008b0| 6c 75 6d 65 20 35 2c 20 | 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 31 |lume 5, |Number 1|
|000008c0| 0a 0a 46 72 6f 6d 20 6a | 73 71 20 20 57 65 64 20 |..From j|sq  Wed |
|000008d0| 4a 61 6e 20 20 31 20 30 | 38 3a 31 35 3a 33 39 20 |Jan  1 0|8:15:39 |
|000008e0| 31 39 38 36 0a 46 72 6f | 6d 3a 20 73 74 64 2d 75 |1986.Fro|m: std-u|
|000008f0| 6e 69 78 25 75 74 2d 73 | 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 |nix%ut-s|ally.UUC|
|00000900| 50 40 53 41 4c 4c 59 2e | 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e 45 |P@SALLY.|UTEXAS.E|
|00000910| 44 55 20 28 4d 6f 64 65 | 72 61 74 6f 72 2c 20 4a |DU (Mode|rator, J|
|00000920| 6f 68 6e 20 51 75 61 72 | 74 65 72 6d 61 6e 29 0a |ohn Quar|terman).|
|00000930| 4e 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 | 70 73 3a 20 6d 6f 64 2e |Newsgrou|ps: mod.|
|00000940| 73 74 64 2e 75 6e 69 78 | 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 63 74 |std.unix|.Subject|
|00000950| 3a 20 41 63 63 65 73 73 | 20 74 6f 20 50 31 30 30 |: Access| to P100|
|00000960| 33 20 44 72 61 66 74 20 | 36 3b 20 56 35 4e 32 0a |3 Draft |6; V5N2.|
|00000970| 4d 65 73 73 61 67 65 2d | 49 64 3a 20 3c 33 39 30 |Message-|Id: <390|
|00000980| 31 40 75 74 2d 73 61 6c | 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 50 3e |1@ut-sal|ly.UUCP>|
|00000990| 0a 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 7a | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 49 |.Organiz|ation: I|
|000009a0| 45 45 45 2f 50 31 30 30 | 33 20 50 6f 72 74 61 62 |EEE/P100|3 Portab|
|000009b0| 6c 65 20 4f 70 65 72 61 | 74 69 6e 67 20 53 79 73 |le Opera|ting Sys|
|000009c0| 74 65 6d 20 45 6e 76 69 | 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 |tem Envi|ronment |
|000009d0| 43 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 | 65 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 |Committe|e.Date: |
|000009e0| 31 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 36 | 20 31 34 3a 31 35 3a 32 |1 Jan 86| 14:15:2|
|000009f0| 34 20 47 4d 54 0a 44 72 | 61 66 74 2d 39 3a 20 44 |4 GMT.Dr|aft-9: D|
|00000a00| 36 2e 41 63 63 65 73 73 | 0a 0a 49 27 76 65 20 62 |6.Access|..I've b|
|00000a10| 65 65 6e 20 67 65 74 74 | 69 6e 67 20 71 75 65 73 |een gett|ing ques|
|00000a20| 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 62 | 6f 75 74 20 68 6f 77 20 |tions ab|out how |
|00000a30| 74 6f 20 67 65 74 20 63 | 6f 70 69 65 73 20 6f 66 |to get c|opies of|
|00000a40| 20 50 31 30 30 33 2e 44 | 36 2c 0a 73 6f 20 68 65 | P1003.D|6,.so he|
|00000a50| 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 64 69 72 65 63 |re are t|he direc|
|00000a60| 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 6e | 63 65 20 61 67 61 69 6e |tions on|ce again|
|00000a70| 2e 0a 0a 42 61 6c 6c 6f | 74 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 |...Ballo|ting on |
|00000a80| 44 72 61 66 74 20 36 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 54 |Draft 6 |as the T|
|00000a90| 72 69 61 6c 20 55 73 65 | 20 53 74 61 6e 64 61 72 |rial Use| Standar|
|00000aa0| 64 20 6a 75 73 74 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 65 64 |d just c|ompleted|
|00000ab0| 0a 61 6e 64 20 72 65 73 | 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 |.and res|olution |
|00000ac0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 62 | 61 6c 6c 6f 74 73 20 77 |of the b|allots w|
|00000ad0| 69 6c 6c 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 69 6e 75 65 20 61 74 20 |ill cont|inue at |
|00000ae0| 6c 65 61 73 74 20 74 68 | 72 6f 75 67 68 20 74 68 |least th|rough th|
|00000af0| 65 0a 50 31 30 30 33 20 | 6d 65 65 74 69 6e 67 20 |e.P1003 |meeting |
|00000b00| 69 6e 20 44 65 6e 76 65 | 72 20 6a 75 73 74 20 62 |in Denve|r just b|
|00000b10| 65 66 6f 72 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 44 65 6e 76 65 72 |efore th|e Denver|
|00000b20| 20 55 53 45 4e 49 58 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 6d 6f 6e | USENIX |this mon|
|00000b30| 74 68 2e 0a 0a 0a 41 6e | 20 6f 6e 6c 69 6e 65 20 |th....An| online |
|00000b40| 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 22 |document| which "|
|00000b50| 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e | 74 73 22 20 50 31 30 30 |represen|ts" P100|
|00000b60| 33 20 44 72 61 66 74 20 | 36 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 20 |3 Draft |6 is on |
|00000b70| 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 54 | 45 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 |sally.UT|EXAS.EDU|
|00000b80| 0a 66 6f 72 20 72 65 74 | 72 69 65 76 61 6c 20 62 |.for ret|rieval b|
|00000b90| 79 20 61 6e 6f 6e 79 6d | 6f 75 73 20 66 74 70 20 |y anonym|ous ftp |
|00000ba0| 28 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 66 74 |(connect| with ft|
|00000bb0| 70 2c 20 6c 6f 67 20 69 | 6e 20 61 73 20 61 6e 6f |p, log i|n as ano|
|00000bc0| 6e 79 6d 6f 75 73 0a 77 | 69 74 68 20 70 61 73 73 |nymous.w|ith pass|
|00000bd0| 77 6f 72 64 20 67 75 65 | 73 74 29 20 6f 76 65 72 |word gue|st) over|
|00000be0| 20 74 68 65 20 41 52 50 | 41 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e | the ARP|A Intern|
|00000bf0| 65 74 2e 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 66 69 6c 65 73 20 61 |et.  The| files a|
|00000c00| 72 65 3a 0a 0a 2d 72 77 | 2d 72 2d 2d 72 2d 2d 20 |re:..-rw|-r--r-- |
|00000c10| 20 31 20 6a 73 71 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 62 69 6e 20 | 1 jsq  |    bin |
|00000c20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 34 | 31 39 38 34 30 20 4e 6f |       4|19840 No|
|00000c30| 76 20 32 37 20 32 31 3a | 34 38 20 7e 66 74 70 2f |v 27 21:|48 ~ftp/|
|00000c40| 70 75 62 2f 50 31 30 30 | 33 2e 44 36 0a 2d 72 77 |pub/P100|3.D6.-rw|
|00000c50| 2d 72 2d 2d 72 2d 2d 20 | 20 31 20 6a 73 71 20 20 |-r--r-- | 1 jsq  |
|00000c60| 20 20 20 20 62 69 6e 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 |    bin |       3|
|00000c70| 37 36 38 31 34 20 4e 6f | 76 20 32 37 20 32 31 3a |76814 No|v 27 21:|
|00000c80| 35 30 20 7e 66 74 70 2f | 70 75 62 2f 50 31 30 30 |50 ~ftp/|pub/P100|
|00000c90| 33 2e 44 36 2e 64 6f 63 | 0a 2d 72 77 2d 72 2d 2d |3.D6.doc|.-rw-r--|
|00000ca0| 72 2d 2d 20 20 31 20 75 | 75 63 70 20 20 20 20 20 |r--  1 u|ucp     |
|00000cb0| 75 75 63 70 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 31 34 31 39 38 |uucp    |   14198|
|00000cc0| 31 20 4e 6f 76 20 32 32 | 20 31 37 3a 33 37 20 7e |1 Nov 22| 17:37 ~|
|00000cd0| 66 74 70 2f 70 75 62 2f | 50 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 |ftp/pub/|P1003.D6|
|00000ce0| 2e 5a 0a 2d 72 77 2d 72 | 2d 2d 72 2d 2d 20 20 31 |.Z.-rw-r|--r--  1|
|00000cf0| 20 75 75 63 70 20 20 20 | 20 20 75 75 63 70 20 20 | uucp   |  uucp  |
|00000d00| 20 20 20 20 20 31 32 34 | 30 35 35 20 4e 6f 76 20 |     124|055 Nov |
|00000d10| 32 34 20 30 31 3a 33 31 | 20 7e 66 74 70 2f 70 75 |24 01:31| ~ftp/pu|
|00000d20| 62 2f 50 31 30 30 33 2e | 44 36 2e 64 6f 63 2e 5a |b/P1003.|D6.doc.Z|
|00000d30| 0a 2d 72 77 2d 72 2d 2d | 72 2d 2d 20 20 31 20 6a |.-rw-r--|r--  1 j|
|00000d40| 73 71 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 62 69 6e 20 20 20 20 20 |sq      |bin     |
|00000d50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 35 31 | 32 20 44 65 63 20 20 31 |      51|2 Dec  1|
|00000d60| 20 31 31 3a 32 36 20 7e | 66 74 70 2f 70 75 62 2f | 11:26 ~|ftp/pub/|
|00000d70| 50 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 | 2e 72 75 6e 0a 0a 50 31 |P1003.D6|.run..P1|
|00000d80| 30 30 33 2e 44 36 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 74 61 72 20 |003.D6 i|s a tar |
|00000d90| 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 |archive |of the s|
|00000da0| 6f 75 72 63 65 20 66 6f | 72 20 74 68 65 20 64 6f |ource fo|r the do|
|00000db0| 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 2e 0a | 50 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 |cument..|P1003.D6|
|00000dc0| 2e 64 6f 63 20 69 73 20 | 61 6e 20 6e 72 6f 66 66 |.doc is |an nroff|
|00000dd0| 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 74 | 65 64 20 63 6f 70 79 20 | formatt|ed copy |
|00000de0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 64 | 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 2c |of the d|ocument,|
|00000df0| 20 73 75 69 74 61 62 6c | 65 0a 09 66 6f 72 20 70 | suitabl|e..for p|
|00000e00| 72 69 6e 74 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 6e 20 61 20 6c 69 6e |rinting |on a lin|
|00000e10| 65 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 | 72 20 28 63 6f 6e 74 61 |e printe|r (conta|
|00000e20| 69 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 6d | 20 66 65 65 64 73 20 61 |ins form| feeds a|
|00000e30| 6e 64 20 62 61 63 6b 73 | 70 61 63 65 73 29 2e 0a |nd backs|paces)..|
|00000e40| 50 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 | 2e 5a 20 61 6e 64 20 50 |P1003.D6|.Z and P|
|00000e50| 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 2e | 64 6f 63 2e 5a 20 61 72 |1003.D6.|doc.Z ar|
|00000e60| 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 72 65 | 73 73 65 64 20 63 6f 70 |e compre|ssed cop|
|00000e70| 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 62 6f 76 65 |ies of t|he above|
|00000e80| 20 66 69 6c 65 73 2e 0a | 54 68 65 79 20 77 65 72 | files..|They wer|
|00000e90| 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 72 65 | 73 73 65 64 20 77 69 74 |e compre|ssed wit|
|00000ea0| 68 20 63 6f 6d 70 72 65 | 73 73 20 76 65 72 73 69 |h compre|ss versi|
|00000eb0| 6f 6e 20 34 2c 20 61 20 | 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 |on 4, a |public d|
|00000ec0| 6f 6d 61 69 6e 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 0a 77 68 |omain pr|ogram.wh|
|00000ed0| 69 63 68 20 68 61 73 20 | 62 65 65 6e 20 64 69 73 |ich has |been dis|
|00000ee0| 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 | 20 6f 76 65 72 20 6e 65 |tributed| over ne|
|00000ef0| 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 20 | 6e 65 74 2e 73 6f 75 72 |wsgroup |net.sour|
|00000f00| 63 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 55 | 53 45 4e 45 54 2e 0a 54 |ces on U|SENET..T|
|00000f10| 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 20 | 61 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f |here is |a copy o|
|00000f20| 6e 20 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e | 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e 45 |n sally.|UTEXAS.E|
|00000f30| 44 55 20 69 6e 20 7e 66 | 74 70 2f 70 75 62 2f 63 |DU in ~f|tp/pub/c|
|00000f40| 6f 6d 70 72 65 73 73 2e | 73 68 61 72 2e 0a 0a 50 |ompress.|shar...P|
|00000f50| 31 30 30 33 2e 44 36 2e | 72 75 6e 20 69 73 20 61 |1003.D6.|run is a|
|00000f60| 20 72 65 70 6c 61 63 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 | replace|ment for|
|00000f70| 20 74 68 65 20 72 75 6e | 20 73 63 72 69 70 74 20 | the run| script |
|00000f80| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 61 | 72 63 68 69 76 65 2c 0a |in the a|rchive,.|
|00000f90| 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 61 | 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6c 6f |which wa|s for lo|
|00000fa0| 63 61 6c 20 75 73 65 20 | 6f 6e 20 64 65 63 76 61 |cal use |on decva|
|00000fb0| 78 2e 20 20 59 6f 75 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 73 74 69 |x.  You |will sti|
|00000fc0| 6c 6c 20 6e 65 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 61 64 61 70 74 |ll need |to adapt|
|00000fd0| 0a 69 74 20 74 6f 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 70 72 69 6e |.it to y|our prin|
|00000fe0| 74 65 72 20 69 66 20 69 | 74 27 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |ter if i|t's not |
|00000ff0| 61 6e 20 6c 6e 30 31 2e | 0a 0a 54 68 65 20 6c 69 |an ln01.|..The li|
|00001000| 73 74 20 6f 66 20 68 6f | 73 74 73 20 77 68 69 63 |st of ho|sts whic|
|00001010| 68 20 70 72 65 76 69 6f | 75 73 6c 79 20 6d 61 64 |h previo|usly mad|
|00001020| 65 20 44 72 61 66 74 20 | 35 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 |e Draft |5 availa|
|00001030| 62 6c 65 20 61 72 65 0a | 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 54 |ble are.|sally.UT|
|00001040| 45 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 | 2c 20 61 73 20 61 62 6f |EXAS.EDU|, as abo|
|00001050| 76 65 3b 20 6f 6e 20 55 | 55 43 50 3a 20 20 75 74 |ve; on U|UCP:  ut|
|00001060| 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 20 28 | 63 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 20 |-sally (|contact |
|00001070| 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 | 21 6a 73 71 29 2c 0a 64 |ut-sally|!jsq),.d|
|00001080| 65 63 76 61 78 20 28 63 | 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 20 64 |ecvax (c|ontact d|
|00001090| 65 63 76 61 78 21 6a 6d | 63 67 29 2c 20 6c 35 2c |ecvax!jm|cg), l5,|
|000010a0| 20 73 65 69 73 6d 6f 2c | 20 75 63 62 76 61 78 2c | seismo,| ucbvax,|
|000010b0| 20 6d 75 6e 6e 61 72 69 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6e | munnari|, and en|
|000010c0| 65 61 2e 0a 50 72 65 73 | 75 6d 61 62 6c 79 20 74 |ea..Pres|umably t|
|000010d0| 68 65 79 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 61 6c 6c 20 70 69 63 |hey will| all pic|
|000010e0| 6b 20 75 70 20 61 74 20 | 6c 65 61 73 74 20 74 68 |k up at |least th|
|000010f0| 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 72 65 | 73 73 65 64 20 66 69 6c |e compre|ssed fil|
|00001100| 65 73 2e 0a 0a 54 68 6f | 73 65 20 6f 66 20 79 6f |es...Tho|se of yo|
|00001110| 75 20 77 68 6f 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 61 73 6b 65 64 |u who ha|ve asked|
|00001120| 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 70 | 69 65 73 20 62 79 20 55 | for cop|ies by U|
|00001130| 55 43 50 20 6d 61 69 6c | 3a 20 20 49 27 76 65 20 |UCP mail|:  I've |
|00001140| 66 6f 75 6e 64 0a 61 20 | 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 3b 20 |found.a |method; |
|00001150| 70 6c 65 61 73 65 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 20 6d |please c|ontact m|
|00001160| 65 20 61 67 61 69 6e 20 | 69 66 20 79 6f 75 27 72 |e again |if you'r|
|00001170| 65 20 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 |e still |interest|
|00001180| 65 64 2e 0a 49 66 20 79 | 6f 75 27 72 65 20 6f 6e |ed..If y|ou're on|
|00001190| 20 74 68 65 20 41 52 50 | 41 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e | the ARP|A Intern|
|000011a0| 65 74 20 79 6f 75 20 73 | 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 75 73 |et you s|hould us|
|000011b0| 65 20 66 74 70 2e 0a 0a | 54 68 65 20 72 65 73 74 |e ftp...|The rest|
|000011c0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 | of this| article|
|000011d0| 20 69 73 20 61 20 6e 6f | 74 65 20 77 68 69 63 68 | is a no|te which|
|000011e0| 20 61 70 70 65 61 72 73 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | appears| in the |
|000011f0| 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 | 3a 0a 0a 0a 54 68 69 73 |document|:...This|
|00001200| 20 6f 6e 6c 69 6e 65 20 | 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 | online |document|
|00001210| 20 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 | 6e 74 73 2c 20 62 75 74 | represe|nts, but|
|00001220| 20 49 53 20 4e 4f 54 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 72 | IS NOT,| the cur|
|00001230| 72 65 6e 74 20 44 52 41 | 46 54 20 28 44 72 61 66 |rent DRA|FT (Draf|
|00001240| 74 20 36 2c 0a 70 72 6f | 64 75 63 65 64 20 31 35 |t 6,.pro|duced 15|
|00001250| 20 4e 6f 76 65 6d 62 65 | 72 20 31 39 38 35 29 20 | Novembe|r 1985) |
|00001260| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 49 | 45 45 45 20 43 6f 6d 70 |of the I|EEE Comp|
|00001270| 75 74 65 72 20 53 6f 63 | 69 65 74 79 27 73 20 50 |uter Soc|iety's P|
|00001280| 31 30 30 33 20 57 6f 72 | 6b 69 6e 67 0a 47 72 6f |1003 Wor|king.Gro|
|00001290| 75 70 20 66 6f 72 20 61 | 20 22 50 6f 72 74 61 62 |up for a| "Portab|
|000012a0| 6c 65 20 4f 70 65 72 61 | 74 69 6e 67 20 53 79 73 |le Opera|ting Sys|
|000012b0| 74 65 6d 20 45 6e 76 69 | 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 22 |tem Envi|ronment"|
|000012c0| 20 62 61 73 65 64 20 6f | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 55 4e | based o|n the UN|
|000012d0| 49 58 0a 4f 70 65 72 61 | 74 69 6e 67 20 53 79 73 |IX.Opera|ting Sys|
|000012e0| 74 65 6d 20 28 54 72 61 | 64 65 6d 61 72 6b 20 6f |tem (Tra|demark o|
|000012f0| 66 20 41 54 26 54 20 42 | 65 6c 6c 20 4c 61 62 6f |f AT&T B|ell Labo|
|00001300| 72 61 74 6f 72 69 65 73 | 29 2e 0a 0a 54 68 69 73 |ratories|)...This|
|00001310| 20 6d 61 74 65 72 69 61 | 6c 20 69 73 20 63 6f 70 | materia|l is cop|
|00001320| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 6f | 66 20 49 45 45 45 2c 20 |yright o|f IEEE, |
|00001330| 77 69 74 68 20 41 4c 4c | 20 52 49 47 48 54 53 20 |with ALL| RIGHTS |
|00001340| 52 45 53 45 52 56 45 44 | 2e 20 20 50 6c 65 61 73 |RESERVED|.  Pleas|
|00001350| 65 0a 72 65 73 70 65 63 | 74 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 |e.respec|t these |
|00001360| 72 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 6f 20 |restrict|ions so |
|00001370| 77 65 20 63 61 6e 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 65 20 |we can c|ontinue |
|00001380| 74 6f 20 6f 66 66 65 72 | 20 6f 6e 2d 6c 69 6e 65 |to offer| on-line|
|00001390| 20 61 63 63 65 73 73 20 | 74 6f 0a 74 68 65 20 69 | access |to.the i|
|000013a0| 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 49 66 20 |nformati|on...If |
|000013b0| 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 | 20 74 6f 20 6a 6f 69 6e |you want| to join|
|000013c0| 20 74 68 65 20 43 6f 72 | 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 64 65 | the Cor|responde|
|000013d0| 6e 74 20 47 72 6f 75 70 | 20 28 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 |nt Group| (don't |
|000013e0| 65 78 70 65 63 74 20 74 | 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 0a 6d |expect t|o make.m|
|000013f0| 65 65 74 69 6e 67 73 29 | 2c 20 74 68 65 20 57 6f |eetings)|, the Wo|
|00001400| 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 47 72 | 6f 75 70 2c 20 6f 72 20 |rking Gr|oup, or |
|00001410| 42 61 6c 6c 6f 74 69 6e | 67 20 67 72 6f 75 70 20 |Ballotin|g group |
|00001420| 66 6f 72 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 |for this| standar|
|00001430| 64 73 0a 65 66 66 6f 72 | 74 20 70 6c 65 61 73 65 |ds.effor|t please|
|00001440| 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 | 3a 0a 0a 09 20 4a 69 6d | contact|:... Jim|
|00001450| 20 49 73 61 61 6b 09 09 | 09 20 64 65 63 76 61 78 | Isaak..|. decvax|
|00001460| 21 66 72 6f 67 21 6a 69 | 6d 0a 09 20 43 68 61 72 |!frog!ji|m.. Char|
|00001470| 6c 65 73 20 52 69 76 65 | 72 20 44 61 74 61 20 53 |les Rive|r Data S|
|00001480| 79 73 74 65 6d 73 0a 09 | 20 39 38 33 20 43 6f 6e |ystems..| 983 Con|
|00001490| 63 6f 72 64 20 53 74 72 | 65 65 74 0a 09 20 46 72 |cord Str|eet.. Fr|
|000014a0| 61 6d 69 6e 67 68 61 6d | 2c 20 4d 41 20 20 30 31 |amingham|, MA  01|
|000014b0| 37 30 31 2e 0a 0a 28 4a | 69 6d 20 6e 65 65 64 73 |701...(J|im needs|
|000014c0| 20 79 6f 75 72 20 55 53 | 20 4d 61 69 6c 20 61 64 | your US| Mail ad|
|000014d0| 64 72 65 73 73 20 74 6f | 20 73 65 6e 64 20 79 6f |dress to| send yo|
|000014e0| 75 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 62 |u inform|ation ab|
|000014f0| 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 65 66 66 6f 72 74 3b 0a |out the |effort;.|
|00001500| 68 65 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 | 6e 65 65 64 73 20 79 6f |he also |needs yo|
|00001510| 75 72 20 49 45 45 45 20 | 4d 65 6d 62 65 72 73 68 |ur IEEE |Membersh|
|00001520| 69 70 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 |ip Numbe|r if you|
|00001530| 20 77 69 73 68 20 74 6f | 20 6a 6f 69 6e 20 74 68 | wish to| join th|
|00001540| 65 20 42 61 6c 6c 6f 74 | 69 6e 67 0a 47 72 6f 75 |e Ballot|ing.Grou|
|00001550| 70 29 2e 0a 0a 44 72 61 | 66 74 20 36 20 77 61 73 |p)...Dra|ft 6 was|
|00001560| 20 70 72 65 70 61 72 65 | 64 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 | prepare|d for th|
|00001570| 65 20 54 72 69 61 6c 20 | 55 73 65 20 42 61 6c 6c |e Trial |Use Ball|
|00001580| 6f 74 69 6e 67 20 6e 6f | 77 20 74 61 6b 69 6e 67 |oting no|w taking|
|00001590| 20 70 6c 61 63 65 2c 20 | 77 69 74 68 0a 61 20 66 | place, |with.a f|
|000015a0| 69 6e 61 6c 20 75 73 65 | 20 62 61 6c 6c 6f 74 20 |inal use| ballot |
|000015b0| 73 6f 6d 65 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 6e 65 61 72 20 74 |some tim|e near t|
|000015c0| 68 65 20 65 6e 64 20 6f | 66 20 31 39 38 36 2e 0a |he end o|f 1986..|
|000015d0| 0a 41 20 6d 6f 64 65 72 | 61 74 65 64 20 55 53 45 |.A moder|ated USE|
|000015e0| 4e 45 54 20 67 72 6f 75 | 70 20 65 78 69 73 74 73 |NET grou|p exists|
|000015f0| 20 66 6f 72 20 6f 6e 2d | 6c 69 6e 65 20 64 69 73 | for on-|line dis|
|00001600| 63 75 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 |cussion |of this |
|00001610| 65 66 66 6f 72 74 0a 75 | 6e 64 65 72 20 74 68 65 |effort.u|nder the|
|00001620| 20 6e 61 6d 65 3a 20 6d | 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e 75 | name: m|od.std.u|
|00001630| 6e 69 78 0a 0a 49 66 20 | 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 |nix..If |you want|
|00001640| 20 68 61 72 64 20 63 6f | 70 69 65 73 20 6f 66 20 | hard co|pies of |
|00001650| 74 68 65 20 44 52 41 46 | 54 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 63 |the DRAF|T, you c|
|00001660| 61 6e 20 6f 62 74 61 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 |an obtai|n these |
|00001670| 66 72 6f 6d 3a 0a 0a 09 | 42 65 74 68 20 43 75 6d |from:...|Beth Cum|
|00001680| 6d 69 6e 67 73 0a 09 49 | 45 45 45 20 53 74 61 6e |mings..I|EEE Stan|
|00001690| 64 61 72 64 73 20 4f 66 | 66 69 63 65 3b 0a 09 33 |dards Of|fice;..3|
|000016a0| 34 35 20 45 2e 20 34 37 | 74 68 20 53 74 72 65 65 |45 E. 47|th Stree|
|000016b0| 74 0a 09 4e 65 77 20 59 | 6f 72 6b 2c 20 4e 59 20 |t..New Y|ork, NY |
|000016c0| 20 31 30 30 31 37 0a 0a | 0a 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 2d | 10017..|.Volume-|
|000016d0| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 35 |Number: |Volume 5|
|000016e0| 2c 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 20 32 0a 0a 46 72 6f 6d |, Number| 2..From|
|000016f0| 20 6a 73 71 20 20 54 68 | 75 20 4a 61 6e 20 20 32 | jsq  Th|u Jan  2|
|00001700| 20 30 39 3a 30 33 3a 35 | 32 20 31 39 38 36 0a 46 | 09:03:5|2 1986.F|
|00001710| 72 6f 6d 3a 20 73 74 64 | 2d 75 6e 69 78 25 75 74 |rom: std|-unix%ut|
|00001720| 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 | 55 43 50 40 53 41 4c 4c |-sally.U|UCP@SALL|
|00001730| 59 2e 55 54 45 58 41 53 | 2e 45 44 55 20 28 4d 6f |Y.UTEXAS|.EDU (Mo|
|00001740| 64 65 72 61 74 6f 72 2c | 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 51 75 |derator,| John Qu|
|00001750| 61 72 74 65 72 6d 61 6e | 29 0a 4e 65 77 73 67 72 |arterman|).Newsgr|
|00001760| 6f 75 70 73 3a 20 6d 6f | 64 2e 73 74 64 2e 75 6e |oups: mo|d.std.un|
|00001770| 69 78 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 | 63 74 3a 20 54 69 6d 65 |ix.Subje|ct: Time|
|00001780| 20 5a 6f 6e 65 73 3b 20 | 56 35 4e 33 0a 4d 65 73 | Zones; |V5N3.Mes|
|00001790| 73 61 67 65 2d 49 64 3a | 20 3c 33 39 30 36 40 75 |sage-Id:| <3906@u|
|000017a0| 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e | 55 55 43 50 3e 0a 4f 72 |t-sally.|UUCP>.Or|
|000017b0| 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 49 45 45 45 |ganizati|on: IEEE|
|000017c0| 2f 50 31 30 30 33 20 50 | 6f 72 74 61 62 6c 65 20 |/P1003 P|ortable |
|000017d0| 4f 70 65 72 61 74 69 6e | 67 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d |Operatin|g System|
|000017e0| 20 45 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e | 6d 65 6e 74 20 43 6f 6d | Environ|ment Com|
|000017f0| 6d 69 74 74 65 65 0a 44 | 61 74 65 3a 20 32 20 4a |mittee.D|ate: 2 J|
|00001800| 61 6e 20 38 36 20 31 35 | 3a 30 33 3a 32 37 20 47 |an 86 15|:03:27 G|
|00001810| 4d 54 0a 44 72 61 66 74 | 2d 39 3a 20 54 5a 0a 0a |MT.Draft|-9: TZ..|
|00001820| 44 61 74 65 3a 20 57 65 | 64 2c 20 31 20 4a 61 6e |Date: We|d, 1 Jan|
|00001830| 20 38 36 20 31 38 3a 33 | 39 3a 32 36 20 65 73 74 | 86 18:3|9:26 est|
|00001840| 0a 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 73 | 65 69 73 6d 6f 21 63 62 |.From: s|eismo!cb|
|00001850| 70 61 76 6f 2e 63 62 6f | 73 67 64 2e 41 54 54 2e |pavo.cbo|sgd.ATT.|
|00001860| 55 55 43 50 21 6d 61 72 | 6b 40 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e |UUCP!mar|k@sally.|
|00001870| 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e 45 | 44 55 20 28 4d 61 72 6b |UTEXAS.E|DU (Mark|
|00001880| 20 48 6f 72 74 6f 6e 29 | 0a 0a 54 68 65 20 6c 61 | Horton)|..The la|
|00001890| 74 65 73 74 20 64 72 61 | 66 74 20 61 73 6b 65 64 |test dra|ft asked|
|000018a0| 20 66 6f 72 20 69 6e 70 | 75 74 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | for inp|ut about|
|000018b0| 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f | 6e 65 73 2e 20 20 49 27 | time zo|nes.  I'|
|000018c0| 64 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 | 6f 0a 6d 61 6b 65 20 61 |d like t|o.make a|
|000018d0| 20 66 65 77 20 63 6f 6d | 6d 65 6e 74 73 2e 0a 0a | few com|ments...|
|000018e0| 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 | 65 20 74 77 6f 20 62 61 |There ar|e two ba|
|000018f0| 73 69 63 20 77 61 79 73 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 69 |sic ways| that ti|
|00001900| 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 64 6f 6e |me zones| are don|
|00001910| 65 20 74 6f 64 61 79 2e | 20 20 54 68 65 72 65 0a |e today.|  There.|
|00001920| 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 56 | 37 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 |is the V|7 method|
|00001930| 20 28 77 68 65 72 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 | (where |the zone|
|00001940| 20 6f 66 66 73 65 74 20 | 69 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | offset |is in th|
|00001950| 65 20 6b 65 72 6e 65 6c | 29 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 |e kernel|) and th|
|00001960| 65 0a 53 79 73 74 65 6d | 20 49 49 49 20 6d 65 74 |e.System| III met|
|00001970| 68 6f 64 20 28 77 68 65 | 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 7a |hod (whe|re the z|
|00001980| 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 66 73 | 65 74 20 61 6e 64 20 6e |one offs|et and n|
|00001990| 61 6d 65 20 69 73 20 69 | 6e 20 61 6e 20 65 6e 76 |ame is i|n an env|
|000019a0| 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 | 0a 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c |ironment|.variabl|
|000019b0| 65 2e 29 20 20 34 2e 32 | 42 53 44 20 64 65 73 63 |e.)  4.2|BSD desc|
|000019c0| 65 6e 64 73 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 56 37 20 28 61 6c |ends fro|m V7 (al|
|000019d0| 74 68 6f 75 67 68 20 69 | 74 20 68 61 73 20 61 20 |though i|t has a |
|000019e0| 66 61 6e 63 69 65 72 20 | 22 6f 66 66 73 65 74 0a |fancier |"offset.|
|000019f0| 74 6f 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 6e 61 6d 65 22 20 63 6f |to zone |name" co|
|00001a00| 6e 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e | 20 61 6c 67 6f 72 69 74 |nversion| algorit|
|00001a10| 68 6d 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 6b 6e 6f 77 73 20 6d 6f |hm that |knows mo|
|00001a20| 72 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 77 6f 72 |re about| the wor|
|00001a30| 6c 64 29 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 56 |ld).and |System V|
|00001a40| 20 64 65 73 63 65 6e 64 | 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 53 | descend|s from S|
|00001a50| 79 73 74 65 6d 20 49 49 | 49 2e 0a 0a 54 68 65 72 |ystem II|I...Ther|
|00001a60| 65 20 61 72 65 20 65 6c | 65 67 61 6e 63 65 20 63 |e are el|egance c|
|00001a70| 6f 6e 73 69 64 65 72 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 65 |onsidera|tions (e|
|00001a80| 2e 67 2e 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 74 68 65 20 6b |.g. shou|ld the k|
|00001a90| 65 72 6e 65 6c 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 20 6f 72 0a 63 61 |ernel kn|ow or.ca|
|00001aa0| 72 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f |re about| time zo|
|00001ab0| 6e 65 73 3f 29 20 61 6e | 64 20 65 66 66 69 63 69 |nes?) an|d effici|
|00001ac0| 65 6e 63 79 20 63 6f 6e | 73 69 64 65 72 61 74 69 |ency con|siderati|
|00001ad0| 6f 6e 73 20 28 65 2e 67 | 2e 20 69 73 20 69 74 0a |ons (e.g|. is it.|
|00001ae0| 66 61 73 74 65 72 20 74 | 6f 20 6c 6f 6f 6b 20 69 |faster t|o look i|
|00001af0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e | 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e |n the en|vironmen|
|00001b00| 74 2c 20 64 6f 20 61 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 63 |t, do a |system c|
|00001b10| 61 6c 6c 2c 20 6f 72 20 | 72 65 61 64 20 61 20 66 |all, or |read a f|
|00001b20| 69 6c 65 2e 29 0a 42 75 | 74 20 62 6f 74 68 20 6f |ile.).Bu|t both o|
|00001b30| 66 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 | 61 72 65 20 64 77 61 72 |f these |are dwar|
|00001b40| 66 65 64 20 62 79 20 61 | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6d 6f |fed by a| much mo|
|00001b50| 72 65 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 | 74 61 6e 74 20 63 6f 6e |re impor|tant con|
|00001b60| 73 69 64 65 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 0a 64 6f 65 73 |siderati|on:.does|
|00001b70| 20 69 74 20 77 6f 72 6b | 20 70 72 6f 70 65 72 6c | it work| properl|
|00001b80| 79 20 69 6e 20 61 6c 6c | 20 63 61 73 65 73 3f 20 |y in all| cases? |
|00001b90| 20 49 20 63 6c 61 69 6d | 20 74 68 61 74 20 6e 65 | I claim| that ne|
|00001ba0| 69 74 68 65 72 20 6d 65 | 74 68 6f 64 20 69 73 0a |ither me|thod is.|
|00001bb0| 63 6f 72 72 65 63 74 20 | 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 |correct |all the |
|00001bc0| 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 74 68 65 20 56 37 |time, bu|t the V7|
|00001bd0| 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 20 | 69 73 20 72 69 67 68 74 | method |is right|
|00001be0| 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 6f 66 | 74 65 6e 20 74 68 61 6e | more of|ten than|
|00001bf0| 20 74 68 65 0a 53 79 73 | 74 65 6d 20 49 49 49 20 | the.Sys|tem III |
|00001c00| 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 2e 0a | 0a 49 6e 20 56 37 2c 20 |method..|.In V7, |
|00001c10| 77 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 | 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 |when you| configu|
|00001c20| 72 65 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 6b 65 72 6e 65 6c 2c 20 |re your |kernel, |
|00001c30| 79 6f 75 20 74 65 6c 6c | 20 69 74 20 74 68 65 20 |you tell| it the |
|00001c40| 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 66 | 73 65 74 2c 0a 69 6e 20 |zone off|set,.in |
|00001c50| 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 73 2c | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 47 4d |minutes,| from GM|
|00001c60| 54 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 77 | 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 79 |T, and w|hether y|
|00001c70| 6f 75 20 6f 62 73 65 72 | 76 65 20 44 61 79 6c 69 |ou obser|ve Dayli|
|00001c80| 67 68 74 20 74 69 6d 65 | 2e 20 20 54 68 65 73 65 |ght time|.  These|
|00001c90| 0a 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 73 74 6f |.numbers| are sto|
|00001ca0| 72 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 6b 65 72 6e 65 |red in t|he kerne|
|00001cb0| 6c 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 |l, which| doesn't|
|00001cc0| 20 64 6f 20 61 6e 79 74 | 68 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74 | do anyt|hing wit|
|00001cd0| 68 20 74 68 65 6d 0a 65 | 78 63 65 70 74 20 72 65 |h them.e|xcept re|
|00001ce0| 74 75 72 6e 20 74 68 65 | 6d 20 77 68 65 6e 20 61 |turn the|m when a|
|00001cf0| 6e 20 66 74 69 6d 65 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 63 |n ftime |system c|
|00001d00| 61 6c 6c 20 61 73 6b 73 | 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |all asks| for the|
|00001d10| 6d 2e 20 20 53 6f 2c 20 | 69 6e 0a 65 66 66 65 63 |m.  So, |in.effec|
|00001d20| 74 2c 20 74 68 65 79 20 | 61 72 65 20 69 6e 20 74 |t, they |are in t|
|00001d30| 68 65 20 6b 65 72 6e 65 | 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 61 64 |he kerne|l for ad|
|00001d40| 6d 69 6e 69 73 74 72 61 | 74 69 76 65 20 63 6f 6e |ministra|tive con|
|00001d50| 76 65 6e 69 65 6e 63 65 | 2e 20 20 28 59 6f 75 0a |venience|.  (You.|
|00001d60| 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 74 6f 20 6f 70 |don't ha|ve to op|
|00001d70| 65 6e 20 61 20 66 69 6c | 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |en a fil|e, and t|
|00001d80| 68 65 79 20 61 72 65 6e | 27 74 20 63 6f 6d 70 69 |hey aren|'t compi|
|00001d90| 6c 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f | 20 63 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 |led into| ctime, |
|00001da0| 73 6f 20 69 74 0a 69 73 | 6e 27 74 20 6e 65 63 65 |so it.is|n't nece|
|00001db0| 73 73 61 72 79 20 74 6f | 20 72 65 6c 69 6e 6b 20 |ssary to| relink |
|00001dc0| 65 76 65 72 79 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 68 |every pr|ogram th|
|00001dd0| 61 74 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 | 20 63 74 69 6d 65 20 6f |at calls| ctime o|
|00001de0| 72 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 74 | 69 6d 65 0a 77 68 65 6e |r localt|ime.when|
|00001df0| 20 79 6f 75 20 69 6e 73 | 74 61 6c 6c 20 61 20 6e | you ins|tall a n|
|00001e00| 65 77 20 73 79 73 74 65 | 6d 2e 29 20 20 54 68 65 |ew syste|m.)  The|
|00001e10| 20 73 6d 61 72 74 73 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 67 65 6e | smarts |that gen|
|00001e20| 65 72 61 74 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a |erate th|e time z|
|00001e30| 6f 6e 65 0a 6e 61 6d 65 | 20 61 6e 64 20 64 65 63 |one.name| and dec|
|00001e40| 69 64 65 20 69 66 20 44 | 61 79 6c 69 67 68 74 20 |ide if D|aylight |
|00001e50| 74 69 6d 65 20 69 73 20 | 69 6e 20 65 66 66 65 63 |time is |in effec|
|00001e60| 74 20 61 72 65 20 69 6e | 20 63 74 69 6d 65 20 69 |t are in| ctime i|
|00001e70| 6e 20 75 73 65 72 20 63 | 6f 64 65 2e 0a 28 42 79 |n user c|ode..(By|
|00001e80| 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 72 69 | 73 6f 6e 2c 20 69 6e 20 | compari|son, in |
|00001e90| 54 4f 50 53 20 32 30 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 65 71 75 |TOPS 20,| the equ|
|00001ea0| 69 76 61 6c 65 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 63 74 69 6d 65 |ivalent |of ctime|
|00001eb0| 20 69 73 20 61 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 20 63 61 6c | is a sy|stem cal|
|00001ec0| 6c 2c 0a 77 69 74 68 20 | 6c 6f 74 73 20 6f 66 20 |l,.with |lots of |
|00001ed0| 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 |options |for the |
|00001ee0| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 2e 20 | 20 54 68 69 73 20 6d 61 |format. | This ma|
|00001ef0| 79 20 73 65 65 6d 20 69 | 6e 65 6c 65 67 61 6e 74 |y seem i|nelegant|
|00001f00| 2c 20 62 75 74 20 69 74 | 0a 72 65 73 75 6c 74 73 |, but it|.results|
|00001f10| 20 69 6e 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | 20 6f 6e 65 20 63 6f 70 | in only| one cop|
|00001f20| 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 64 65 20 6f 6e |y of the| code on|
|00001f30| 20 74 68 65 20 73 79 73 | 74 65 6d 2c 20 65 76 65 | the sys|tem, eve|
|00001f40| 6e 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 | 74 20 73 68 61 72 65 64 |n withou|t shared|
|00001f50| 0a 6c 69 62 72 61 72 69 | 65 73 2e 29 0a 0a 49 6e |.librari|es.)..In|
|00001f60| 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | 49 49 49 2c 20 74 68 65 | System |III, the|
|00001f70| 20 6b 65 72 6e 65 6c 20 | 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 | kernel |doesn't |
|00001f80| 6b 6e 6f 77 20 61 62 6f | 75 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |know abo|ut time |
|00001f90| 7a 6f 6e 65 73 20 61 74 | 20 61 6c 6c 2e 20 20 54 |zones at| all.  T|
|00001fa0| 68 65 0a 65 6e 76 69 72 | 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 76 |he.envir|onment v|
|00001fb0| 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 | 54 5a 20 73 74 6f 72 65 |ariable |TZ store|
|00001fc0| 73 20 62 6f 74 68 20 74 | 68 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 |s both t|he zone |
|00001fd0| 6e 61 6d 65 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 68 65 20 7a 6f |names an|d the zo|
|00001fe0| 6e 65 20 6f 66 66 73 65 | 74 2c 0a 61 6e 64 20 63 |ne offse|t,.and c|
|00001ff0| 74 69 6d 65 20 6c 6f 6f | 6b 73 20 74 68 65 72 65 |time loo|ks there|
|00002000| 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 | 6d 61 6b 65 73 20 74 68 |.  This |makes th|
|00002010| 69 6e 67 73 20 76 65 72 | 79 20 66 6c 65 78 69 62 |ings ver|y flexib|
|00002020| 6c 65 20 2d 20 6e 6f 20 | 61 73 73 75 6d 70 74 69 |le - no |assumpti|
|00002030| 6f 6e 73 0a 61 62 6f 75 | 74 20 33 20 63 68 61 72 |ons.abou|t 3 char|
|00002040| 61 63 74 65 72 20 7a 6f | 6e 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 73 |acter zo|ne names|
|00002050| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 69 74 | 27 73 20 65 61 73 79 20 |, and it|'s easy |
|00002060| 66 6f 72 20 61 20 70 65 | 72 73 6f 6e 20 64 69 61 |for a pe|rson dia|
|00002070| 6c 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 0a 61 20 64 |ling in |from.a d|
|00002080| 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f |ifferent| time zo|
|00002090| 6e 65 20 74 6f 20 72 75 | 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |ne to ru|n in the|
|000020a0| 69 72 20 6f 77 6e 20 74 | 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 |ir own t|ime zone|
|000020b0| 2e 20 20 41 6c 73 6f 2c | 20 69 74 27 73 20 76 65 |.  Also,| it's ve|
|000020c0| 72 79 0a 65 66 66 69 63 | 69 65 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 |ry.effic|ient to |
|000020d0| 6c 6f 6f 6b 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 65 6e 76 69 |look in |the envi|
|000020e0| 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 2d 20 66 61 73 74 65 72 |ronment |- faster|
|000020f0| 20 74 68 61 6e 20 61 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 63 | than a |system c|
|00002100| 61 6c 6c 2e 0a 0a 48 6f | 77 65 76 65 72 2c 20 74 |all...Ho|wever, t|
|00002110| 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 | 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 76 65 |here are| some ve|
|00002120| 72 79 20 73 65 72 69 6f | 75 73 20 70 72 6f 62 6c |ry serio|us probl|
|00002130| 65 6d 73 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 74 68 65 20 53 79 73 |ems with| the Sys|
|00002140| 74 65 6d 20 49 49 49 20 | 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 2e 0a |tem III |method..|
|00002150| 4f 6e 65 20 70 72 6f 62 | 6c 65 6d 20 69 73 20 74 |One prob|lem is t|
|00002160| 68 61 74 2c 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 61 6e 20 6f 66 66 |hat, wit|h an off|
|00002170| 73 65 74 20 6d 65 61 73 | 75 72 65 64 20 69 6e 20 |set meas|ured in |
|00002180| 68 6f 75 72 73 2c 20 70 | 6c 61 63 65 73 20 6c 69 |hours, p|laces li|
|00002190| 6b 65 0a 4e 65 77 66 6f | 75 6e 64 6c 61 6e 64 2c |ke.Newfo|undland,|
|000021a0| 20 43 65 6e 74 72 61 6c | 20 41 75 73 74 72 61 6c | Central| Austral|
|000021b0| 69 61 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 53 61 75 64 69 20 41 72 |ia, and |Saudi Ar|
|000021c0| 61 62 69 61 2c 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 64 6f 6e 27 |abia, wh|ich don'|
|000021d0| 74 20 68 61 76 65 0a 65 | 76 65 6e 20 68 6f 75 72 |t have.e|ven hour|
|000021e0| 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f | 6e 65 73 2c 20 61 72 65 | time zo|nes, are|
|000021f0| 20 69 6e 20 74 72 6f 75 | 62 6c 65 2e 20 20 42 75 | in trou|ble.  Bu|
|00002200| 74 20 74 68 61 74 27 73 | 20 65 61 73 79 20 74 6f |t that's| easy to|
|00002210| 20 66 69 78 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e | fix in |the stan|
|00002220| 64 61 72 64 2e 0a 0a 54 | 68 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |dard...T|he time |
|00002230| 7a 6f 6e 65 20 69 73 20 | 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 |zone is |configur|
|00002240| 65 64 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 |ed into |the syst|
|00002250| 65 6d 20 62 79 20 6d 6f | 64 69 66 79 69 6e 67 20 |em by mo|difying |
|00002260| 2f 65 74 63 2f 70 72 6f | 66 69 6c 65 2c 0a 77 68 |/etc/pro|file,.wh|
|00002270| 69 63 68 20 69 73 20 61 | 20 73 68 65 6c 6c 20 73 |ich is a| shell s|
|00002280| 63 72 69 70 74 20 6f 66 | 20 73 74 61 72 74 75 70 |cript of| startup|
|00002290| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e 64 | 73 20 72 75 6e 20 62 79 | command|s run by|
|000022a0| 20 74 68 65 20 42 6f 75 | 72 6e 65 20 73 68 65 6c | the Bou|rne shel|
|000022b0| 6c 20 77 68 65 6e 0a 61 | 6e 79 20 75 73 65 72 20 |l when.a|ny user |
|000022c0| 6c 6f 67 73 20 69 6e 2c | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6c 69 |logs in,| much li|
|000022d0| 6b 65 20 2e 70 72 6f 66 | 69 6c 65 20 6f 72 20 2e |ke .prof|ile or .|
|000022e0| 6c 6f 67 69 6e 2e 20 20 | 54 68 69 73 20 6d 65 61 |login.  |This mea|
|000022f0| 6e 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 77 65 20 61 73 73 75 6d |ns that |we assum|
|00002300| 65 0a 65 76 65 72 79 62 | 6f 64 79 20 69 73 20 75 |e.everyb|ody is u|
|00002310| 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 42 6f 75 72 6e 65 20 |sing the| Bourne |
|00002320| 73 68 65 6c 6c 2e 20 20 | 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 |shell.  |This is |
|00002330| 61 20 66 61 6c 73 65 20 | 61 73 73 75 6d 70 74 69 |a false |assumpti|
|00002340| 6f 6e 20 2d 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 6f 66 0a 74 68 65 20 |on - one| of.the |
|00002350| 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 | 65 64 20 66 65 61 74 75 |document|ed featu|
|00002360| 72 65 73 20 6f 66 20 55 | 4e 49 58 20 65 76 65 72 |res of U|NIX ever|
|00002370| 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 56 | 36 20 69 73 20 74 68 61 | since V|6 is tha|
|00002380| 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 68 | 65 6c 6c 20 69 73 20 61 |t the sh|ell is a|
|00002390| 6e 0a 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 | 72 79 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |n.ordina|ry progr|
|000023a0| 61 6d 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 61 20 75 73 65 72 20 63 |am, and |a user c|
|000023b0| 61 6e 20 68 61 76 65 20 | 61 6e 79 20 73 68 65 6c |an have |any shel|
|000023c0| 6c 20 74 68 65 79 20 6c | 69 6b 65 2e 20 20 49 6e |l they l|ike.  In|
|000023d0| 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 75 | 6c 61 72 2c 0a 74 68 65 | particu|lar,.the|
|000023e0| 20 42 65 72 6b 65 6c 65 | 79 20 43 20 73 68 65 6c | Berkele|y C shel|
|000023f0| 6c 20 64 6f 65 73 20 6e | 6f 74 20 72 65 61 64 20 |l does n|ot read |
|00002400| 2f 65 74 63 2f 70 72 6f | 66 69 6c 65 2c 20 73 6f |/etc/pro|file, so|
|00002410| 20 61 6c 6c 20 63 73 68 | 20 75 73 65 72 73 20 64 | all csh| users d|
|00002420| 6f 6e 27 74 20 67 65 74 | 0a 61 20 54 5a 20 76 61 |on't get|.a TZ va|
|00002430| 72 69 61 62 6c 65 20 73 | 65 74 20 75 70 20 66 6f |riable s|et up fo|
|00002440| 72 20 74 68 65 6d 20 69 | 6e 20 65 76 65 72 79 20 |r them i|n every |
|00002450| 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 49 | 49 49 20 6f 72 20 56 20 |System I|II or V |
|00002460| 55 4e 49 58 20 49 27 76 | 65 20 65 76 65 72 20 75 |UNIX I'v|e ever u|
|00002470| 73 65 64 2e 0a 0a 57 65 | 6c 6c 2c 20 61 66 74 65 |sed...We|ll, afte|
|00002480| 72 20 61 6c 6c 2c 20 74 | 68 65 20 42 6f 75 72 6e |r all, t|he Bourn|
|00002490| 65 20 73 68 65 6c 6c 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 |e shell |is the s|
|000024a0| 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 | 73 68 65 6c 6c 2c 20 61 |tandard |shell, a|
|000024b0| 6e 64 20 65 76 65 72 79 | 62 6f 64 79 20 73 68 6f |nd every|body sho|
|000024c0| 75 6c 64 0a 75 73 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 6e |uld.use |the stan|
|000024d0| 64 61 72 64 20 73 68 65 | 6c 6c 2c 20 72 69 67 68 |dard she|ll, righ|
|000024e0| 74 3f 20 20 41 66 74 65 | 72 20 61 6c 6c 2c 20 74 |t?  Afte|r all, t|
|000024f0| 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 4b | 6f 72 6e 20 73 68 65 6c |he new K|orn shel|
|00002500| 6c 20 72 65 61 64 73 20 | 61 6e 64 0a 75 6e 64 65 |l reads |and.unde|
|00002510| 72 73 74 61 6e 64 73 20 | 2f 65 74 63 2f 70 72 6f |rstands |/etc/pro|
|00002520| 66 69 6c 65 2e 0a 0a 45 | 76 65 6e 20 69 66 20 77 |file...E|ven if w|
|00002530| 65 20 62 65 6c 69 65 76 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 61 62 |e believ|e the ab|
|00002540| 6f 76 65 20 73 74 61 74 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 61 6e |ove stat|ement an|
|00002550| 64 20 69 67 6e 6f 72 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 64 6f 63 |d ignore| the doc|
|00002560| 75 6d 65 6e 74 65 64 20 | 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 0a |umented |feature.|
|00002570| 6f 66 20 62 65 69 6e 67 | 20 61 62 6c 65 20 74 6f |of being| able to|
|00002580| 20 70 75 74 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 66 61 76 6f 72 69 | put you|r favori|
|00002590| 74 65 20 73 68 65 6c 6c | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |te shell| in the |
|000025a0| 70 61 73 73 77 64 20 66 | 69 6c 65 20 28 61 6e 64 |passwd f|ile (and|
|000025b0| 20 49 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 | 29 0a 77 65 20 73 74 69 | I don't|).we sti|
|000025c0| 6c 6c 20 67 65 74 20 69 | 6e 74 6f 20 74 72 6f 75 |ll get i|nto trou|
|000025d0| 62 6c 65 2e 20 20 46 6f | 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c |ble.  Fo|r exampl|
|000025e0| 65 2c 20 75 75 63 70 20 | 68 61 73 20 61 20 73 70 |e, uucp |has a sp|
|000025f0| 65 63 69 61 6c 20 73 68 | 65 6c 6c 3a 20 75 75 63 |ecial sh|ell: uuc|
|00002600| 69 63 6f 2e 0a 49 74 20 | 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 |ico..It |doesn't |
|00002610| 72 65 61 64 20 2f 65 74 | 63 2f 70 72 6f 66 69 6c |read /et|c/profil|
|00002620| 65 2e 20 20 41 6e 64 20 | 77 68 61 74 20 61 62 6f |e.  And |what abo|
|00002630| 75 74 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 74 68 61 74 |ut progr|ams that|
|00002640| 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 67 | 65 74 20 72 75 6e 0a 66 | don't g|et run.f|
|00002650| 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 6c 6f | 67 69 6e 20 73 68 65 6c |rom a lo|gin shel|
|00002660| 6c 3f 20 20 46 6f 72 20 | 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c |l?  For |example,|
|00002670| 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 | 20 62 61 63 6b 67 72 6f | all the| backgro|
|00002680| 75 6e 64 20 64 61 65 6d | 6f 6e 73 20 72 75 6e 20 |und daem|ons run |
|00002690| 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 0a 2f | 65 74 63 2f 72 63 3f 20 |out of./|etc/rc? |
|000026a0| 20 4f 72 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 73 20 72 75 6e | Or prog|rams run|
|000026b0| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 72 | 6f 6e 3f 20 20 4f 72 20 | from cr|on?  Or |
|000026c0| 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 74 3f | 20 20 4f 72 20 70 72 6f |from at?|  Or pro|
|000026d0| 67 72 61 6d 73 20 72 75 | 6e 20 77 68 69 6c 65 0a |grams ru|n while.|
|000026e0| 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 75 | 73 65 72 3f 20 20 4e 6f |single u|ser?  No|
|000026f0| 6e 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 73 65 20 70 72 6f 67 |ne of th|ese prog|
|00002700| 72 61 6d 73 20 67 65 74 | 20 61 20 54 5a 2e 0a 0a |rams get| a TZ...|
|00002710| 44 6f 65 73 20 69 74 20 | 6d 61 74 74 65 72 20 69 |Does it |matter i|
|00002720| 66 20 61 20 6e 6f 6e 2d | 69 6e 74 65 72 61 63 74 |f a non-|interact|
|00002730| 69 76 65 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 69 73 20 69 |ive prog|ram is i|
|00002740| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 77 72 | 6f 6e 67 20 74 69 6d 65 |n the wr|ong time|
|00002750| 20 7a 6f 6e 65 3f 0a 41 | 66 74 65 72 20 61 6c 6c | zone?.A|fter all|
|00002760| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 | 6c 65 73 20 69 74 20 74 |, the fi|les it t|
|00002770| 6f 75 63 68 65 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 74 6f 75 63 68 |ouches a|re touch|
|00002780| 65 64 20 69 6e 20 47 4d | 54 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 |ed in GM|T.  The |
|00002790| 61 6e 73 77 65 72 20 69 | 73 20 79 65 73 3a 0a 62 |answer i|s yes:.b|
|000027a0| 61 63 6b 67 72 6f 75 6e | 64 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 |ackgroun|d proces|
|000027b0| 73 65 73 20 67 65 6e 65 | 72 61 6c 6c 79 20 6b 65 |ses gene|rally ke|
|000027c0| 65 70 20 6c 6f 67 73 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 |ep logs,| and the|
|000027d0| 20 6c 6f 67 73 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 | logs ha|ve time |
|000027e0| 73 74 61 6d 70 73 2e 0a | 46 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d |stamps..|For exam|
|000027f0| 70 6c 65 2c 20 75 75 63 | 69 63 6f 20 67 65 74 73 |ple, uuc|ico gets|
|00002800| 20 73 74 61 72 74 65 64 | 20 68 6f 75 72 6c 79 20 | started| hourly |
|00002810| 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 63 | 72 6f 6e 74 61 62 2c 20 |out of c|rontab, |
|00002820| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 6d 65 61 6e 73 0a 74 |and this| means.t|
|00002830| 68 61 74 20 61 6c 6d 6f | 73 74 20 61 6e 79 20 75 |hat almo|st any u|
|00002840| 75 63 69 63 6f 20 6f 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 73 79 73 |ucico on| the sys|
|00002850| 74 65 6d 20 28 66 72 6f | 6d 20 63 72 6f 6e 74 61 |tem (fro|m cronta|
|00002860| 62 20 6f 72 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 65 |b or fro|m anothe|
|00002870| 72 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 0a 6c 6f 67 67 69 6e 67 |r system|.logging|
|00002880| 20 69 6e 29 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 72 75 6e 20 69 6e | in) wil|l run in|
|00002890| 20 74 68 65 20 77 72 6f | 6e 67 20 74 69 6d 65 20 | the wro|ng time |
|000028a0| 7a 6f 6e 65 2e 20 20 53 | 69 6e 63 65 20 4c 2e 73 |zone.  S|ince L.s|
|000028b0| 79 73 20 68 61 73 20 72 | 65 73 74 72 69 63 74 69 |ys has r|estricti|
|000028c0| 6f 6e 73 0a 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 74 69 6d 65 73 |ons.on t|he times|
|000028d0| 20 69 74 20 63 61 6e 20 | 64 69 61 6c 20 6f 75 74 | it can |dial out|
|000028e0| 2c 20 62 65 69 6e 67 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 77 |, being |in the w|
|000028f0| 72 6f 6e 67 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 63 |rong tim|e zone c|
|00002900| 61 6e 20 63 61 75 73 65 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 0a 74 |an cause| calls.t|
|00002910| 6f 20 62 65 20 70 6c 61 | 63 65 64 20 64 75 72 69 |o be pla|ced duri|
|00002920| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 64 | 61 79 2c 20 65 76 65 6e |ng the d|ay, even|
|00002930| 20 69 66 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 69 73 20 73 75 70 70 | if this| is supp|
|00002940| 6f 73 65 64 6c 79 20 66 | 6f 72 62 69 64 64 65 6e |osedly f|orbidden|
|00002950| 20 69 6e 20 4c 2e 73 79 | 73 2e 0a 41 6c 73 6f 2c | in L.sy|s..Also,|
|00002960| 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 | 73 65 2c 20 74 68 69 6e | of cour|se, thin|
|00002970| 67 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 | 22 64 61 74 65 20 3e 20 |gs like |"date > |
|00002980| 2f 64 65 76 2f 63 6f 6e | 73 6f 6c 65 22 20 65 76 |/dev/con|sole" ev|
|00002990| 65 72 79 20 68 6f 75 72 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 72 |ery hour| from cr|
|000029a0| 6f 6e 74 61 62 0a 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 20 |ontab.wi|ll have |
|000029b0| 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 73 | 2e 0a 0a 49 74 20 74 75 |problems|...It tu|
|000029c0| 72 6e 73 20 6f 75 74 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 53 79 73 |rns out |that Sys|
|000029d0| 74 65 6d 20 49 49 49 20 | 68 61 73 20 61 20 22 64 |tem III |has a "d|
|000029e0| 65 66 61 75 6c 74 20 74 | 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 |efault t|ime zone|
|000029f0| 22 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 | 69 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 |" which |is used |
|00002a00| 62 79 0a 6c 6f 63 61 6c | 74 69 6d 65 20 69 66 20 |by.local|time if |
|00002a10| 74 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 | 20 6e 6f 20 54 5a 20 76 |there is| no TZ v|
|00002a20| 61 72 69 61 62 6c 65 2e | 20 20 4f 6e 20 65 76 65 |ariable.|  On eve|
|00002a30| 72 79 20 76 65 72 73 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 53 79 |ry versi|on of Sy|
|00002a40| 73 74 65 6d 20 49 49 49 | 20 6f 72 0a 56 20 49 27 |stem III| or.V I'|
|00002a50| 76 65 20 65 76 65 72 20 | 75 73 65 64 2c 20 74 68 |ve ever |used, th|
|00002a60| 69 73 20 69 73 20 73 65 | 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 |is is se|t to the|
|00002a70| 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f | 6e 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | time zo|ne of th|
|00002a80| 65 20 64 65 76 65 6c 6f | 70 65 72 2e 20 20 49 74 |e develo|per.  It|
|00002a90| 27 73 0a 45 53 54 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74 72 |'s.EST i|n the tr|
|00002aa0| 61 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f |aditiona|l versio|
|00002ab0| 6e 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 41 54 26 54 2e 20 20 49 |ns from |AT&T.  I|
|00002ac0| 74 27 73 20 50 53 54 20 | 69 6e 20 58 65 6e 69 78 |t's PST |in Xenix|
|00002ad0| 2e 20 20 53 6f 20 74 68 | 65 0a 64 65 76 65 6c 6f |.  So th|e.develo|
|00002ae0| 70 65 72 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 |pers of |the syst|
|00002af0| 65 6d 20 6e 65 76 65 72 | 20 73 65 65 20 61 6e 79 |em never| see any|
|00002b00| 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d | 73 20 2d 20 75 75 63 70 | problem|s - uucp|
|00002b10| 20 6c 6f 67 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 2c | logs ar|e right,|
|00002b20| 0a 66 6f 72 20 65 78 61 | 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 61 6e |.for exa|mple, an|
|00002b30| 64 20 63 73 68 20 75 73 | 65 72 73 20 73 74 69 6c |d csh us|ers stil|
|00002b40| 6c 20 67 65 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 20 |l get th|e right |
|00002b50| 74 69 6d 65 2e 20 20 55 | 6e 74 69 6c 20 74 68 65 |time.  U|ntil the|
|00002b60| 79 20 73 68 69 70 0a 74 | 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 |y ship.t|he syste|
|00002b70| 6d 20 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 74 |m out of| their t|
|00002b80| 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 | 2e 0a 0a 54 68 69 73 20 |ime zone|...This |
|00002b90| 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 20 | 69 73 6e 27 74 20 72 65 |problem |isn't re|
|00002ba0| 61 6c 6c 79 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 68 61 72 64 20 74 |ally tha|t hard t|
|00002bb0| 6f 20 66 69 78 2e 20 20 | 59 6f 75 20 6a 75 73 74 |o fix.  |You just|
|00002bc0| 20 68 61 76 65 20 69 6e | 69 74 20 6f 70 65 6e 0a | have in|it open.|
|00002bd0| 61 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 | 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |a config|uration |
|00002be0| 66 69 6c 65 20 77 68 65 | 6e 20 69 74 20 73 74 61 |file whe|n it sta|
|00002bf0| 72 74 73 20 75 70 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 73 65 74 20 |rts up, |and set |
|00002c00| 69 74 73 20 6f 77 6e 20 | 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d |its own |environm|
|00002c10| 65 6e 74 0a 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 72 65 2e 20 |ent.from| there. |
|00002c20| 20 28 49 66 20 79 6f 75 | 27 72 65 20 77 69 6c 6c | (If you|'re will|
|00002c30| 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 68 | 61 76 65 20 69 6e 69 74 |ing to h|ave init|
|00002c40| 20 6f 70 65 6e 20 66 69 | 6c 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 | open fi|les that|
|00002c50| 20 65 61 72 6c 79 2e 29 | 0a 0a 42 75 74 20 69 74 | early.)|..But it|
|00002c60| 20 74 75 72 6e 73 20 6f | 75 74 20 74 68 65 72 65 | turns o|ut there|
|00002c70| 20 69 73 20 61 6e 20 65 | 76 65 6e 20 6d 6f 72 65 | is an e|ven more|
|00002c80| 20 73 65 72 69 6f 75 73 | 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d | serious| problem|
|00002c90| 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 54 5a 0a 65 6e 76 | with th|e TZ.env|
|00002ca0| 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c |ironment| variabl|
|00002cb0| 65 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 | 2e 20 20 49 74 27 73 20 |e method|.  It's |
|00002cc0| 61 20 73 65 63 75 72 69 | 74 79 20 70 72 6f 62 6c |a securi|ty probl|
|00002cd0| 65 6d 2e 20 20 4c 65 74 | 27 73 20 73 61 79 20 74 |em.  Let|'s say t|
|00002ce0| 68 65 0a 73 79 73 74 65 | 6d 20 61 64 6d 69 6e 69 |he.syste|m admini|
|00002cf0| 73 74 72 61 74 6f 72 20 | 68 61 73 20 63 6f 6e 66 |strator |has conf|
|00002d00| 69 67 75 72 65 64 20 55 | 55 43 50 20 74 6f 20 6f |igured U|UCP to o|
|00002d10| 6e 6c 79 20 63 61 6c 6c | 20 6f 75 74 20 77 68 65 |nly call| out whe|
|00002d20| 6e 20 74 68 65 0a 70 68 | 6f 6e 65 20 72 61 74 65 |n the.ph|one rate|
|00002d30| 73 20 61 72 65 20 6c 6f | 77 2c 20 62 65 63 61 75 |s are lo|w, becau|
|00002d40| 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 69 74 65 20 69 73 20 70 |se the s|ite is p|
|00002d50| 6f 6f 72 20 61 6e 64 20 | 63 61 6e 27 74 20 61 66 |oor and |can't af|
|00002d60| 66 6f 72 64 20 64 61 79 | 74 69 6d 65 0a 72 61 74 |ford day|time.rat|
|00002d70| 65 73 2c 20 6f 72 20 74 | 6f 20 6b 65 65 70 20 74 |es, or t|o keep t|
|00002d80| 68 65 20 6d 61 63 68 69 | 6e 65 20 6c 6f 61 64 20 |he machi|ne load |
|00002d90| 6c 6f 77 20 64 75 72 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 64 |low duri|ng the d|
|00002da0| 61 79 2e 20 20 42 75 74 | 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 75 73 |ay.  But| some us|
|00002db0| 65 72 0a 77 61 6e 74 73 | 20 74 6f 20 70 75 73 68 |er.wants| to push|
|00002dc0| 20 73 6f 6d 65 74 68 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 72 6f 75 | somethi|ng throu|
|00002dd0| 67 68 20 72 69 67 68 74 | 20 61 77 61 79 2e 20 20 |gh right| away.  |
|00002de0| 48 65 20 73 65 74 73 20 | 54 5a 20 74 6f 20 69 6e |He sets |TZ to in|
|00002df0| 64 69 63 61 74 65 20 74 | 68 61 74 0a 68 65 27 73 |dicate t|hat.he's|
|00002e00| 20 69 6e 2c 20 73 61 79 | 2c 20 43 68 69 6e 61 2e | in, say|, China.|
|00002e10| 20 20 4e 6f 77 2c 20 68 | 65 20 73 74 61 72 74 73 |  Now, h|e starts|
|00002e20| 20 75 70 20 61 20 75 75 | 63 69 63 6f 20 28 6f 72 | up a uu|cico (or|
|00002e30| 20 61 20 63 75 2e 29 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 6c 6f 63 | a cu.) | The loc|
|00002e40| 61 6c 74 69 6d 65 0a 72 | 6f 75 74 69 6e 65 20 62 |altime.r|outine b|
|00002e50| 65 6c 69 65 76 65 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 6f 72 67 |elieves |the forg|
|00002e60| 65 64 20 54 5a 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 68 69 6e 6b 73 |ed TZ an|d thinks|
|00002e70| 20 69 74 27 73 20 77 69 | 74 68 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | it's wi|thin the|
|00002e80| 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f | allowed| time zo|
|00002e90| 6e 65 2c 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 61 6e 20 65 78 70 65 6e |ne,.and |an expen|
|00002ea0| 73 69 76 65 20 70 68 6f | 6e 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 |sive pho|ne call |
|00002eb0| 69 73 20 70 6c 61 63 65 | 64 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 |is place|d.  The |
|00002ec0| 6c 6f 67 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 62 65 20 6d 61 64 65 |log will| be made|
|00002ed0| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 77 72 6f 6e 67 0a 74 69 | in the |wrong.ti|
|00002ee0| 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 74 6f 6f 2c 20 73 6f 20 |me zone |too, so |
|00002ef0| 75 6e 6c 65 73 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 53 41 20 69 73 |unless t|he SA is|
|00002f00| 20 73 68 61 72 70 2c 20 | 68 65 20 77 6f 6e 27 74 | sharp, |he won't|
|00002f10| 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 20 | 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 74 68 | notice |until th|
|00002f20| 65 20 70 68 6f 6e 65 0a | 62 69 6c 6c 20 73 68 6f |e phone.|bill sho|
|00002f30| 77 73 20 75 70 2e 0a 0a | 54 68 65 20 66 75 6e 64 |ws up...|The fund|
|00002f40| 61 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c 20 | 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e |amental |differen|
|00002f50| 63 65 20 62 65 74 77 65 | 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74 |ce betwe|en the t|
|00002f60| 77 6f 20 61 70 70 72 6f | 61 63 68 65 73 20 69 73 |wo appro|aches is|
|00002f70| 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 56 37 0a 6d 65 74 | that th|e V7.met|
|00002f80| 68 6f 64 20 6d 61 6b 65 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 |hod make|s the ti|
|00002f90| 6d 65 7a 6f 6e 65 20 61 | 20 70 65 72 2d 73 79 73 |mezone a| per-sys|
|00002fa0| 74 65 6d 20 65 6e 74 69 | 74 79 2c 20 77 68 69 6c |tem enti|ty, whil|
|00002fb0| 65 20 74 68 65 20 53 79 | 73 20 49 49 49 20 6d 65 |e the Sy|s III me|
|00002fc0| 74 68 6f 64 0a 6d 61 6b | 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 |thod.mak|es the t|
|00002fd0| 69 6d 65 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 61 20 70 65 72 2d 70 72 |imezone |a per-pr|
|00002fe0| 6f 63 65 73 73 20 65 6e | 74 69 74 79 2e 20 20 57 |ocess en|tity.  W|
|00002ff0| 68 69 6c 65 20 61 6e 20 | 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 |hile an |argument|
|00003000| 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 | 6d 61 64 65 0a 74 68 61 | can be |made.tha|
|00003010| 74 20 75 73 65 72 73 20 | 64 69 61 6c 69 6e 67 20 |t users |dialing |
|00003020| 69 6e 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 69 |in from |other ti|
|00003030| 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 73 | 20 6d 69 67 68 74 20 77 |me zones| might w|
|00003040| 61 6e 74 20 74 68 65 69 | 72 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 |ant thei|r proces|
|00003050| 73 65 73 0a 74 6f 20 62 | 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |ses.to b|e in the|
|00003060| 69 72 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f |ir local| time zo|
|00003070| 6e 65 2c 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 69 73 6e 27 74 20 61 |ne, this| isn't a|
|00003080| 20 76 65 72 79 20 73 74 | 72 6f 6e 67 20 61 72 67 | very st|rong arg|
|00003090| 75 6d 65 6e 74 2e 0a 28 | 49 27 76 65 20 6e 65 76 |ument..(|I've nev|
|000030a0| 65 72 20 73 65 65 6e 20 | 61 6e 79 6f 6e 65 20 61 |er seen |anyone a|
|000030b0| 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 64 6f 20 69 74 2e 29 20 |ctually |do it.) |
|000030c0| 20 5b 54 68 69 73 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 73 79 6d 70 | [This i|s a symp|
|000030d0| 74 6f 6d 20 6f 66 20 61 | 20 64 69 73 65 61 73 65 |tom of a| disease|
|000030e0| 0a 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 | 20 61 66 66 65 63 74 69 |.that is| affecti|
|000030f0| 6e 67 20 55 4e 49 58 3a | 20 61 20 74 65 6e 64 65 |ng UNIX:| a tende|
|00003100| 6e 63 79 20 74 6f 20 70 | 75 74 20 74 68 69 6e 67 |ncy to p|ut thing|
|00003110| 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e |s in the| environ|
|00003120| 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 | 74 0a 61 72 65 20 6e 6f |ment tha|t.are no|
|00003130| 74 20 70 65 72 2d 70 72 | 6f 63 65 73 73 2e 20 20 |t per-pr|ocess.  |
|00003140| 44 61 76 69 64 20 59 6f | 73 74 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 |David Yo|st point|
|00003150| 65 64 20 6f 75 74 2c 20 | 66 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d |ed out, |for exam|
|00003160| 70 6c 65 2c 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 54 45 52 4d 20 69 |ple, tha|t TERM i|
|00003170| 73 0a 6e 6f 74 20 61 20 | 70 65 72 2d 70 72 6f 63 |s.not a |per-proc|
|00003180| 65 73 73 20 65 6e 74 69 | 74 79 2c 20 69 74 27 73 |ess enti|ty, it's|
|00003190| 20 61 20 70 65 72 2d 70 | 6f 72 74 20 65 6e 74 69 | a per-p|ort enti|
|000031a0| 74 79 2e 20 20 42 65 72 | 6b 65 6c 65 79 27 73 20 |ty.  Ber|keley's |
|000031b0| 56 36 20 68 61 64 20 61 | 0a 66 69 6c 65 20 69 6e |V6 had a|.file in|
|000031c0| 20 2f 65 74 63 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 70 65 72 2d 70 | /etc wi|th per-p|
|000031d0| 6f 72 74 20 74 65 72 6d | 69 6e 61 6c 20 63 6f 64 |ort term|inal cod|
|000031e0| 65 73 2c 20 73 69 6d 69 | 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 20 2f |es, simi|lar to /|
|000031f0| 65 74 63 2f 75 74 6d 70 | 2c 20 62 75 74 0a 77 65 |etc/utmp|, but.we|
|00003200| 27 76 65 20 61 63 74 75 | 61 6c 6c 79 20 74 61 6b |'ve actu|ally tak|
|00003210| 65 6e 20 61 20 73 74 65 | 70 20 62 61 63 6b 77 61 |en a ste|p backwa|
|00003220| 72 64 73 20 62 79 20 70 | 75 74 74 69 6e 67 20 69 |rds by p|utting i|
|00003230| 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 6e 76 69 72 |t into t|he envir|
|00003240| 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2e 0a | 54 61 6b 65 20 61 20 6c |onment..|Take a l|
|00003250| 6f 6f 6b 20 61 74 20 74 | 73 65 74 20 61 6e 64 20 |ook at t|set and |
|00003260| 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 27 73 | 20 2e 70 72 6f 66 69 6c |people's| .profil|
|00003270| 65 27 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 2e 6c 6f 67 69 6e 27 73 |e's and |.login's|
|00003280| 20 74 6f 20 73 65 65 20 | 74 68 65 0a 63 6f 6d 70 | to see |the.comp|
|00003290| 6c 65 78 69 74 79 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 64 65 63 69 |lexity t|his deci|
|000032a0| 73 69 6f 6e 20 68 61 73 | 20 63 6f 73 74 20 75 73 |sion has| cost us|
|000032b0| 2e 5d 0a 0a 53 6f 20 61 | 6e 79 77 61 79 2c 20 73 |.]..So a|nyway, s|
|000032c0| 6f 20 66 61 72 20 49 27 | 76 65 20 61 72 67 75 65 |o far I'|ve argue|
|000032d0| 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 53 79 73 74 65 |d that t|he Syste|
|000032e0| 6d 20 49 49 49 20 6d 65 | 74 68 6f 64 20 69 73 20 |m III me|thod is |
|000032f0| 69 6e 61 64 65 71 75 61 | 74 65 2e 0a 48 6f 77 20 |inadequa|te..How |
|00003300| 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 56 37 20 6d 65 74 |about th|e V7 met|
|00003310| 68 6f 64 3f 0a 0a 54 68 | 65 20 56 37 20 6d 65 74 |hod?..Th|e V7 met|
|00003320| 68 6f 64 20 64 6f 65 73 | 6e 27 74 20 73 75 66 66 |hod does|n't suff|
|00003330| 65 72 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 61 6e 79 20 6f 66 20 74 |er from |any of t|
|00003340| 68 65 20 77 65 61 6b 6e | 65 73 73 65 73 20 64 65 |he weakn|esses de|
|00003350| 73 63 72 69 62 65 64 20 | 61 62 6f 76 65 2e 0a 49 |scribed |above..I|
|00003360| 74 20 64 6f 65 73 20 72 | 65 71 75 69 72 65 20 61 |t does r|equire a|
|00003370| 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | 63 61 6c 6c 20 74 6f 20 | system |call to |
|00003380| 67 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e |get the |time zon|
|00003390| 65 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 69 73 20 61 20 62 69 |e, which| is a bi|
|000033a0| 74 20 6d 6f 72 65 0a 6f | 76 65 72 68 65 61 64 20 |t more.o|verhead |
|000033b0| 74 68 61 6e 20 61 20 67 | 65 74 65 6e 76 2c 20 61 |than a g|etenv, a|
|000033c0| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 6b | 65 72 6e 65 6c 20 64 6f |nd the k|ernel do|
|000033d0| 65 73 6e 27 74 20 68 61 | 76 65 20 61 6e 79 20 62 |esn't ha|ve any b|
|000033e0| 75 73 69 6e 65 73 73 20 | 6b 6e 6f 77 69 6e 67 0a |usiness |knowing.|
|000033f0| 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 69 | 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 73 |about ti|me zones|
|00003400| 2e 20 20 28 54 68 65 20 | 73 61 6d 65 20 61 72 67 |.  (The |same arg|
|00003410| 75 6d 65 6e 74 20 63 6f | 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 6d |ument co|uld be m|
|00003420| 61 64 65 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 6b 65 72 |ade that| the ker|
|00003430| 6e 65 6c 20 64 6f 65 73 | 6e 27 74 0a 68 61 76 65 |nel does|n't.have|
|00003440| 20 61 6e 79 20 62 75 73 | 69 6e 65 73 73 20 6b 6e | any bus|iness kn|
|00003450| 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 74 68 | 65 20 68 6f 73 74 20 6e |owing th|e host n|
|00003460| 61 6d 65 2c 20 74 6f 6f | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 62 6f |ame, too|, but bo|
|00003470| 74 68 20 53 79 73 74 65 | 6d 20 49 49 49 20 61 6e |th Syste|m III an|
|00003480| 64 0a 34 2e 32 42 53 44 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 68 |d.4.2BSD| have th|
|00003490| 61 74 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 | 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 |at infor|mation i|
|000034a0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6b 65 | 72 6e 65 6c 2c 20 61 6e |n the ke|rnel, an|
|000034b0| 64 20 69 74 20 77 6f 72 | 6b 73 20 61 77 66 75 6c |d it wor|ks awful|
|000034c0| 6c 79 20 77 65 6c 6c 2e | 29 0a 0a 54 68 65 20 77 |ly well.|)..The w|
|000034d0| 65 61 6b 6e 65 73 73 65 | 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |eaknesse|s in the|
|000034e0| 20 56 37 2f 34 2e 32 42 | 53 44 20 6d 65 74 68 6f | V7/4.2B|SD metho|
|000034f0| 64 20 61 72 65 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 6d |d are in| the tim|
|00003500| 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6e | 61 6d 65 0a 28 73 69 6e |e zone n|ame.(sin|
|00003510| 63 65 20 69 74 27 73 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 64 |ce it's |computed|
|00003520| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 | 74 61 62 6c 65 20 61 6e | from a |table an|
|00003530| 64 20 74 68 65 20 6f 66 | 66 73 65 74 20 76 61 6c |d the of|fset val|
|00003540| 75 65 29 20 61 6e 64 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 0a 72 |ue) and |in the.r|
|00003550| 75 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 | 64 65 63 69 64 69 6e 67 |ule for |deciding|
|00003560| 20 77 68 65 6e 20 44 53 | 54 20 62 65 67 69 6e 73 | when DS|T begins|
|00003570| 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6e 64 | 73 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | and end|s.  The |
|00003580| 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 70 | 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 20 69 |second p|roblem i|
|00003590| 73 0a 61 6c 73 6f 20 70 | 72 65 73 65 6e 74 20 69 |s.also p|resent i|
|000035a0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 53 79 | 73 20 49 49 49 20 6d 65 |n the Sy|s III me|
|000035b0| 74 68 6f 64 2e 0a 0a 53 | 75 70 70 6f 73 65 20 6c |thod...S|uppose l|
|000035c0| 6f 63 61 6c 74 69 6d 65 | 20 66 69 6e 64 73 20 6f |ocaltime| finds o|
|000035d0| 75 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 6f 66 66 73 |ut that |the offs|
|000035e0| 65 74 20 69 73 20 2b 36 | 30 2c 20 74 68 61 74 20 |et is +6|0, that |
|000035f0| 69 73 2c 20 77 65 20 61 | 72 65 0a 6f 6e 65 20 68 |is, we a|re.one h|
|00003600| 6f 75 72 20 65 61 73 74 | 20 6f 66 20 47 4d 54 2e |our east| of GMT.|
|00003610| 20 20 57 68 61 74 20 74 | 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 |  What t|ime zone|
|00003620| 20 6e 61 6d 65 20 64 6f | 20 77 65 20 75 73 65 3f | name do| we use?|
|00003630| 20 20 57 65 6c 6c 2c 20 | 69 66 20 77 65 27 72 65 |  Well, |if we're|
|00003640| 0a 46 72 61 6e 63 65 2c | 20 69 74 20 6d 69 67 68 |.France,| it migh|
|00003650| 74 20 62 65 20 4d 45 54 | 20 28 4d 69 64 64 6c 65 |t be MET| (Middle|
|00003660| 20 45 75 72 6f 70 65 61 | 6e 20 54 69 6d 65 2e 29 | Europea|n Time.)|
|00003670| 20 20 49 66 20 77 65 27 | 72 65 20 69 6e 20 47 65 |  If we'|re in Ge|
|00003680| 72 6d 61 6e 79 2c 0a 69 | 74 20 6d 69 67 68 74 20 |rmany,.i|t might |
|00003690| 62 65 20 4d 45 5a 20 28 | 4d 69 74 74 65 6e 20 45 |be MEZ (|Mitten E|
|000036a0| 75 72 6f 70 65 61 6e 20 | 5a 65 69 74 2e 29 20 20 |uropean |Zeit.)  |
|000036b0| 49 20 70 72 6f 62 61 62 | 6c 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 |I probab|ly have |
|000036c0| 74 68 65 20 73 70 65 63 | 69 66 69 63 73 0a 77 72 |the spec|ifics.wr|
|000036d0| 6f 6e 67 20 28 49 20 64 | 6f 75 62 74 20 74 68 61 |ong (I d|oubt tha|
|000036e0| 74 20 74 68 65 20 46 72 | 65 6e 63 68 20 74 65 6c |t the Fr|ench tel|
|000036f0| 6c 20 74 69 6d 65 20 69 | 6e 20 45 6e 67 6c 69 73 |l time i|n Englis|
|00003700| 68 29 20 62 75 74 20 79 | 6f 75 20 67 65 74 20 74 |h) but y|ou get t|
|00003710| 68 65 0a 69 64 65 61 2e | 20 20 41 6e 20 6f 66 66 |he.idea.|  An off|
|00003720| 73 65 74 20 6a 75 73 74 | 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 |set just| specifi|
|00003730| 65 73 20 31 2f 32 34 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 77 |es 1/24 |of the w|
|00003740| 6f 72 6c 64 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 6d 6f 76 69 6e 67 |orld, an|d moving|
|00003750| 20 6e 6f 72 74 68 2f 73 | 6f 75 74 68 0a 61 6c 6f | north/s|outh.alo|
|00003760| 6e 67 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 7a 6f 6e 65 20 79 6f 75 |ng that |zone you|
|00003770| 20 63 61 6e 20 67 65 74 | 20 61 20 6c 6f 74 20 6f | can get| a lot o|
|00003780| 66 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 72 | 69 65 73 2c 20 65 61 63 |f countr|ies, eac|
|00003790| 68 20 77 69 74 68 20 77 | 69 64 65 6c 79 20 76 61 |h with w|idely va|
|000037a0| 72 79 69 6e 67 0a 6c 61 | 6e 67 75 61 67 65 73 20 |rying.la|nguages |
|000037b0| 61 6e 64 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6e 61 |and time| zone na|
|000037c0| 6d 65 73 2e 20 20 45 76 | 65 6e 20 41 6c 61 73 6b |mes.  Ev|en Alask|
|000037d0| 61 2f 48 61 77 61 69 69 | 20 68 61 64 20 74 72 6f |a/Hawaii| had tro|
|000037e0| 75 62 6c 65 20 73 68 61 | 72 69 6e 67 0a 61 20 74 |uble sha|ring.a t|
|000037f0| 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 | 2e 20 20 28 54 68 65 20 |ime zone|.  (The |
|00003800| 6d 61 70 70 69 6e 67 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f |mapping |in the o|
|00003810| 74 68 65 72 20 64 69 72 | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 |ther dir|ection i|
|00003820| 73 20 61 6d 62 69 67 75 | 6f 75 73 20 74 6f 6f 2c |s ambigu|ous too,|
|00003830| 20 74 68 65 72 65 0a 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 | there.h|as been |
|00003840| 6c 6f 74 73 20 6f 66 20 | 61 6d 75 73 65 6d 65 6e |lots of |amusemen|
|00003850| 74 20 61 6e 64 20 66 72 | 75 73 74 72 61 74 69 6f |t and fr|ustratio|
|00003860| 6e 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 | 6f 64 65 20 74 68 61 74 |n from c|ode that|
|00003870| 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 74 | 20 42 53 54 20 77 61 73 | thought| BST was|
|00003880| 0a 42 65 72 69 6e 67 20 | 53 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 |.Bering |Standard|
|00003890| 20 54 69 6d 65 2c 20 77 | 68 65 6e 20 72 75 6e 20 | Time, w|hen run |
|000038a0| 69 6e 20 45 6e 67 6c 61 | 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 4a 75 |in Engla|nd in Ju|
|000038b0| 6c 79 20 61 6e 64 20 66 | 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 6c |ly and f|ed the l|
|000038c0| 6f 63 61 6c 0a 61 62 62 | 72 65 76 69 61 74 69 6f |ocal.abb|reviatio|
|000038d0| 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 42 72 | 69 74 69 73 68 20 53 75 |n for Br|itish Su|
|000038e0| 6d 6d 65 72 20 54 69 6d | 65 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 |mmer Tim|e.  This|
|000038f0| 20 69 73 20 77 68 79 20 | 65 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e | is why |electron|
|00003900| 69 63 20 6d 61 69 6c 20 | 61 6e 64 0a 6e 65 77 73 |ic mail |and.news|
|00003910| 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 | 64 73 20 63 75 72 72 65 | standar|ds curre|
|00003920| 6e 74 6c 79 20 72 65 63 | 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 64 20 74 |ntly rec|ommend t|
|00003930| 68 61 74 20 6d 65 73 73 | 61 67 65 73 20 62 65 20 |hat mess|ages be |
|00003940| 73 74 61 6d 70 65 64 20 | 69 6e 20 55 54 43 2e 0a |stamped |in UTC..|
|00003950| 4f 72 20 69 73 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 55 54 3f 20 20 |Or is th|at UT?  |
|00003960| 4f 72 20 47 4d 54 3f 20 | 20 49 63 6b 2e 29 20 20 |Or GMT? | Ick.)  |
|00003970| 53 6f 20 66 61 72 20 77 | 65 27 76 65 20 73 75 72 |So far w|e've sur|
|00003980| 76 69 76 65 64 20 62 65 | 63 61 75 73 65 20 74 68 |vived be|cause th|
|00003990| 65 72 65 20 74 65 6e 64 | 73 0a 74 6f 20 62 65 20 |ere tend|s.to be |
|000039a0| 61 20 64 6f 6d 69 6e 61 | 6e 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |a domina|nt time |
|000039b0| 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6e 61 6d | 65 20 69 6e 20 65 61 63 |zone nam|e in eac|
|000039c0| 68 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 77 | 68 65 72 65 20 55 4e 49 |h zone w|here UNI|
|000039d0| 58 20 68 61 73 20 61 70 | 70 65 61 72 65 64 2c 20 |X has ap|peared, |
|000039e0| 61 6e 64 0a 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 20 68 61 73 20 62 |and.sour|ce has b|
|000039f0| 65 65 6e 20 70 72 65 73 | 65 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 20 |een pres|ent for |
|00003a00| 74 68 65 20 70 6c 61 63 | 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 |the plac|es that |
|00003a10| 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f 20 | 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 69 |have to |change i|
|00003a20| 74 2e 20 20 42 75 74 20 | 61 73 20 55 4e 49 58 0a |t.  But |as UNIX.|
|00003a30| 62 65 63 6f 6d 65 73 20 | 6d 6f 72 65 20 70 6f 70 |becomes |more pop|
|00003a40| 75 6c 61 72 20 69 6e 20 | 70 6c 61 63 65 73 20 6c |ular in |places l|
|00003a50| 69 6b 65 20 41 66 72 69 | 63 61 2c 20 45 61 73 74 |ike Afri|ca, East|
|00003a60| 65 72 6e 20 45 75 72 6f | 70 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |ern Euro|pe, and |
|00003a70| 41 73 69 61 2c 20 74 68 | 69 73 0a 77 69 6c 6c 20 |Asia, th|is.will |
|00003a80| 67 65 74 20 61 20 6c 6f | 74 20 6d 65 73 73 69 65 |get a lo|t messie|
|00003a90| 72 2c 20 65 73 70 65 63 | 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 77 69 |r, espec|ially wi|
|00003aa0| 74 68 20 62 69 6e 61 72 | 79 20 6c 69 63 65 6e 73 |th binar|y licens|
|00003ab0| 65 73 2e 0a 0a 54 68 65 | 20 64 65 63 69 73 69 6f |es...The| decisio|
|00003ac0| 6e 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 | 77 68 65 6e 20 64 61 79 |n about |when day|
|00003ad0| 6c 69 67 68 74 20 74 69 | 6d 65 20 62 65 67 69 6e |light ti|me begin|
|00003ae0| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6e | 64 73 20 69 73 20 6d 6f |s and en|ds is mo|
|00003af0| 72 65 20 69 6e 74 65 72 | 65 73 74 69 6e 67 2e 0a |re inter|esting..|
|00003b00| 49 66 20 79 6f 75 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 |If you r|ead the |
|00003b10| 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 20 70 | 61 67 65 20 6f 72 20 74 |manual p|age or t|
|00003b20| 68 65 20 63 6f 64 65 2c | 20 79 6f 75 27 6c 6c 20 |he code,| you'll |
|00003b30| 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 72 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 6c 6f |discover| that lo|
|00003b40| 63 61 6c 74 69 6d 65 0a | 6b 6e 6f 77 73 20 72 75 |caltime.|knows ru|
|00003b50| 6c 65 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 | 20 22 74 68 65 20 33 72 |les like| "the 3r|
|00003b60| 64 20 53 75 6e 64 61 79 | 20 69 6e 20 4f 63 74 6f |d Sunday| in Octo|
|00003b70| 62 65 72 22 20 61 6e 64 | 20 68 61 73 20 61 20 74 |ber" and| has a t|
|00003b80| 61 62 6c 65 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 73 70 65 63 69 61 |able wit|h specia|
|00003b90| 6c 0a 68 61 63 6b 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 31 39 37 34 |l.hacks |for 1974|
|00003ba0| 20 61 6e 64 20 31 39 37 | 35 2c 20 77 68 65 6e 20 | and 197|5, when |
|00003bb0| 74 68 65 20 55 53 20 43 | 6f 6e 67 72 65 73 73 20 |the US C|ongress |
|00003bc0| 64 65 63 69 64 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 63 68 61 6e 67 |decided |to chang|
|00003bd0| 65 20 74 68 69 6e 67 73 | 2e 0a 54 68 69 73 20 74 |e things|..This t|
|00003be0| 61 62 6c 65 20 22 63 61 | 6e 20 62 65 20 65 78 74 |able "ca|n be ext|
|00003bf0| 65 6e 64 65 64 20 69 66 | 20 6e 65 63 65 73 73 61 |ended if| necessa|
|00003c00| 72 79 22 2e 20 20 4f 66 | 20 63 6f 75 72 73 65 2c |ry".  Of| course,|
|00003c10| 20 65 78 74 65 6e 64 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 74 | extendi|ng the t|
|00003c20| 61 62 6c 65 0a 6d 65 61 | 6e 73 20 6d 6f 64 69 66 |able.mea|ns modif|
|00003c30| 79 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20 |ying the| source |
|00003c40| 61 6e 64 20 72 65 63 6f | 6d 70 69 6c 69 6e 67 20 |and reco|mpiling |
|00003c50| 74 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6c | 64 2e 20 20 4d 69 67 68 |the worl|d.  Migh|
|00003c60| 74 20 62 65 20 68 61 72 | 64 20 6f 6e 0a 61 6c 6c |t be har|d on.all|
|00003c70| 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 62 | 69 6e 61 72 79 20 73 79 | those b|inary sy|
|00003c80| 73 74 65 6d 73 2c 20 65 | 73 70 65 63 69 61 6c 6c |stems, e|speciall|
|00003c90| 79 20 74 68 65 20 6f 6e | 65 73 20 77 69 74 68 6f |y the on|es witho|
|00003ca0| 75 74 20 61 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 |ut a pro|grammer |
|00003cb0| 6f 6e 20 73 74 61 66 66 | 2e 0a 54 68 69 73 20 68 |on staff|..This h|
|00003cc0| 61 73 6e 27 74 20 62 65 | 65 6e 20 61 20 70 72 6f |asn't be|en a pro|
|00003cd0| 62 6c 65 6d 20 79 65 74 | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 6e 6f |blem yet|, but no|
|00003ce0| 77 20 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 | 73 73 20 69 73 20 6d 61 |w Congre|ss is ma|
|00003cf0| 6b 69 6e 67 20 6e 6f 69 | 73 65 73 20 61 62 6f 75 |king noi|ses abou|
|00003d00| 74 0a 6d 6f 76 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 65 20 64 61 74 |t.moving| the dat|
|00003d10| 65 73 20 61 72 6f 75 6e | 64 20 61 20 62 69 74 2e |es aroun|d a bit.|
|00003d20| 20 20 49 74 27 73 20 61 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 76 |  It's a| controv|
|00003d30| 65 72 73 69 61 6c 20 70 | 72 6f 70 6f 73 61 6c 2c |ersial p|roposal,|
|00003d40| 20 61 6e 64 20 49 20 77 | 6f 75 6c 64 6e 27 74 0a | and I w|ouldn't.|
|00003d50| 62 65 20 73 75 72 70 72 | 69 73 65 64 20 69 66 20 |be surpr|ised if |
|00003d60| 74 68 65 79 20 74 72 79 | 20 74 77 6f 20 6f 72 20 |they try| two or |
|00003d70| 74 68 72 65 65 20 72 75 | 6c 65 73 20 62 65 66 6f |three ru|les befo|
|00003d80| 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 69 63 6b 20 6f 6e 65 20 |re the p|ick one |
|00003d90| 74 68 65 79 20 6c 69 6b | 65 2e 0a 47 69 76 65 6e |they lik|e..Given|
|00003da0| 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 6c 64 20 72 65 6c | all the| old rel|
|00003db0| 65 61 73 65 73 20 73 74 | 69 6c 6c 20 6f 75 74 20 |eases st|ill out |
|00003dc0| 74 68 65 72 65 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 64 |there, a|nd the d|
|00003dd0| 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |evelopme|nt time |
|00003de0| 66 6f 72 0a 61 20 6e 65 | 77 20 72 65 6c 65 61 73 |for.a ne|w releas|
|00003df0| 65 2c 20 77 65 20 6e 65 | 65 64 20 61 62 6f 75 74 |e, we ne|ed about|
|00003e00| 20 61 20 32 20 79 65 61 | 72 20 77 61 72 6e 69 6e | a 2 yea|r warnin|
|00003e10| 67 20 6f 66 20 73 75 63 | 68 20 61 6e 20 69 6d 70 |g of suc|h an imp|
|00003e20| 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 63 | 68 61 6e 67 65 2e 0a 57 |ending c|hange..W|
|00003e30| 65 27 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 | 6c 75 63 6b 79 20 74 6f |e'll be |lucky to|
|00003e40| 20 67 65 74 20 36 20 6d | 6f 6e 74 68 73 2e 0a 0a | get 6 m|onths...|
|00003e50| 53 6f 20 77 68 61 74 20 | 64 6f 20 77 65 20 64 6f |So what |do we do|
|00003e60| 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 74 68 69 73 3f | about a|ll this?|
|00003e70| 20 20 57 65 6c 6c 2c 20 | 49 20 74 68 69 6e 6b 20 |  Well, |I think |
|00003e80| 74 68 65 20 62 61 73 69 | 63 20 72 65 71 75 69 72 |the basi|c requir|
|00003e90| 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 61 | 72 65 0a 74 68 61 74 0a |ements a|re.that.|
|00003ea0| 0a 20 28 31 29 20 54 68 | 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a |. (1) Th|e time z|
|00003eb0| 6f 6e 65 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 62 65 20 61 20 |one shou|ld be a |
|00003ec0| 70 65 72 2d 73 79 73 74 | 65 6d 20 65 6e 74 69 74 |per-syst|em entit|
|00003ed0| 79 2e 20 20 54 68 65 72 | 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 |y.  Ther|e should|
|00003ee0| 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 62 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 6f 6e | only be|.     on|
|00003ef0| 65 20 70 6c 61 63 65 20 | 6f 6e 20 65 61 63 68 20 |e place |on each |
|00003f00| 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 77 | 68 65 72 65 20 74 68 65 |system w|here the|
|00003f10| 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 69 73 | 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 | zone is| specifi|
|00003f20| 65 64 20 74 6f 20 65 6e | 73 75 72 65 20 74 68 61 |ed to en|sure tha|
|00003f30| 74 0a 20 20 20 20 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |t.     a|ll progr|
|00003f40| 61 6d 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 |ams on t|he syste|
|00003f50| 6d 20 75 73 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 6e |m use th|e same n|
|00003f60| 6f 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f |otion of| time zo|
|00003f70| 6e 65 2e 0a 0a 20 28 32 | 29 20 54 68 65 20 74 69 |ne... (2|) The ti|
|00003f80| 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 6f 66 66 73 65 74 2c 20 |me zone |offset, |
|00003f90| 6e 61 6d 65 73 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 64 61 79 6c 69 |names, a|nd dayli|
|00003fa0| 67 68 74 20 63 6f 6e 76 | 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |ght conv|entions |
|00003fb0| 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 | 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 65 |should b|e.     e|
|00003fc0| 61 73 69 6c 79 20 63 6f | 6e 66 69 67 75 72 65 64 |asily co|nfigured|
|00003fd0| 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 61 | by the |system a|
|00003fe0| 64 6d 69 6e 69 73 74 72 | 61 74 6f 72 2e 20 20 57 |dministr|ator.  W|
|00003ff0| 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 68 61 76 65 20 61 0a |e should| have a.|
|00004000| 20 20 20 20 20 73 74 61 | 6e 64 61 72 64 20 74 68 |     sta|ndard th|
|00004010| 61 74 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 | 73 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6f |at allow|s zone o|
|00004020| 66 66 73 65 74 73 20 69 | 6e 20 6d 69 6e 75 74 65 |ffsets i|n minute|
|00004030| 73 20 28 6d 61 79 62 65 | 20 65 76 65 6e 20 73 65 |s (maybe| even se|
|00004040| 63 6f 6e 64 73 2c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 49 20 64 6f |conds,. |    I do|
|00004050| 6e 27 74 20 6b 6e 6f 77 | 20 68 6f 77 20 70 72 65 |n't know| how pre|
|00004060| 63 69 73 65 20 53 61 75 | 64 69 20 41 72 61 62 69 |cise Sau|di Arabi|
|00004070| 61 20 6e 65 65 64 73 29 | 2c 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6e |a needs)|, zone n|
|00004080| 61 6d 65 73 20 6f 66 20 | 61 72 62 69 74 72 61 72 |ames of |arbitrar|
|00004090| 79 0a 20 20 20 20 20 6c | 65 6e 67 74 68 20 28 74 |y.     l|ength (t|
|000040a0| 68 65 79 20 61 72 65 20 | 37 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 |hey are |7 charac|
|000040b0| 74 65 72 73 20 69 6e 20 | 41 75 73 74 72 61 6c 69 |ters in |Australi|
|000040c0| 61 2c 20 66 6f 72 20 65 | 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 29 2c |a, for e|xample),|
|000040d0| 20 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 77 65 | whether|.     we|
|000040e0| 20 75 73 65 20 64 61 79 | 6c 69 67 68 74 20 74 69 | use day|light ti|
|000040f0| 6d 65 20 61 74 20 61 6c | 6c 2c 20 77 68 65 6e 20 |me at al|l, when |
|00004100| 64 61 79 6c 69 67 68 74 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 62 65 |daylight| time be|
|00004110| 67 69 6e 73 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 68 65 6e 20 69 |gins, an|d when i|
|00004120| 74 20 65 6e 64 73 2e 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 54 68 65 |t ends..|     The|
|00004130| 20 6c 61 74 74 65 72 20 | 74 77 6f 20 6d 75 73 74 | latter |two must|
|00004140| 20 62 65 20 61 6c 6c 6f | 77 65 64 20 74 6f 20 76 | be allo|wed to v|
|00004150| 61 72 79 20 61 73 20 61 | 20 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f |ary as a| functio|
|00004160| 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 79 65 61 72 2e 0a 0a |n of the| year...|
|00004170| 54 68 65 20 65 78 61 63 | 74 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 |The exac|t method|
|00004180| 20 66 6f 72 20 64 6f 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 69 73 20 | for doi|ng this |
|00004190| 69 73 6e 27 74 20 63 6c | 65 61 72 2e 20 20 57 65 |isn't cl|ear.  We|
|000041a0| 20 63 65 72 74 61 69 6e | 6c 79 20 6e 65 65 64 20 | certain|ly need |
|000041b0| 61 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 67 | 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a |a config|uration.|
|000041c0| 66 69 6c 65 2e 20 20 42 | 75 74 20 69 6e 74 65 72 |file.  B|ut inter|
|000041d0| 70 72 65 74 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 66 69 6c |preting |this fil|
|000041e0| 65 20 6f 6e 20 65 61 63 | 68 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 74 |e on eac|h call t|
|000041f0| 6f 20 63 74 69 6d 65 20 | 69 73 6e 27 74 20 61 20 |o ctime |isn't a |
|00004200| 67 6f 6f 64 20 69 64 65 | 61 2e 0a 49 74 20 77 6f |good ide|a..It wo|
|00004210| 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 6e | 69 63 65 20 74 6f 20 68 |uld be n|ice to h|
|00004220| 61 76 65 20 2f 65 74 63 | 2f 72 63 20 6c 6f 6f 6b |ave /etc|/rc look|
|00004230| 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20 66 | at the |source f|
|00004240| 69 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 20 | 70 6c 75 67 20 61 20 73 |ile and |plug a s|
|00004250| 69 6d 70 6c 65 0a 69 6e | 74 65 72 70 72 65 74 61 |imple.in|terpreta|
|00004260| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 69 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 |tion of |it into |
|00004270| 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 61 | 20 62 69 6e 61 72 79 20 |either a| binary |
|00004280| 66 69 6c 65 20 6f 72 20 | 74 68 65 20 6b 65 72 6e |file or |the kern|
|00004290| 65 6c 2c 20 62 75 74 20 | 77 65 20 68 61 76 65 0a |el, but |we have.|
|000042a0| 74 6f 20 77 6f 72 72 79 | 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 77 |to worry| about w|
|000042b0| 68 61 74 20 68 61 70 70 | 65 6e 73 20 69 66 20 74 |hat happ|ens if t|
|000042c0| 68 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 | 6d 20 69 73 20 75 70 20 |he syste|m is up |
|000042d0| 28 61 6e 64 20 70 72 6f | 63 65 73 73 65 73 20 61 |(and pro|cesses a|
|000042e0| 72 65 20 72 75 6e 6e 69 | 6e 67 29 0a 77 68 65 6e |re runni|ng).when|
|000042f0| 20 77 65 20 63 6f 6e 76 | 65 72 74 20 6f 76 65 72 | we conv|ert over|
|00004300| 20 74 6f 20 6f 72 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 64 61 79 6c | to or f|rom dayl|
|00004310| 69 67 68 74 20 74 69 6d | 65 2e 20 20 50 65 72 68 |ight tim|e.  Perh|
|00004320| 61 70 73 20 63 72 6f 6e | 20 68 61 73 20 74 6f 20 |aps cron| has to |
|00004330| 72 75 6e 20 61 0a 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 6f |run a.pr|ogram to|
|00004340| 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 20 | 69 74 20 65 76 65 72 79 | update |it every|
|00004350| 20 68 6f 75 72 2e 20 20 | 59 6f 75 20 63 6f 75 6c | hour.  |You coul|
|00004360| 64 20 68 61 76 65 20 63 | 72 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 6c 79 |d have c|ron only|
|00004370| 20 72 75 6e 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | run thi|s progra|
|00004380| 6d 0a 74 77 69 63 65 20 | 61 20 79 65 61 72 2c 20 |m.twice |a year, |
|00004390| 62 75 74 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 |but this| would r|
|000043a0| 65 71 75 69 72 65 20 70 | 75 74 74 69 6e 67 20 74 |equire p|utting t|
|000043b0| 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 66 69 | 67 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |he confi|guration|
|000043c0| 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 0a 69 6e 74 | informa|tion.int|
|000043d0| 6f 20 63 72 6f 6e 74 61 | 62 20 28 77 68 69 63 68 |o cronta|b (which|
|000043e0| 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 | 20 75 6e 64 65 72 73 74 | doesn't| underst|
|000043f0| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 69 6e | 67 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 |and thin|gs like |
|00004400| 22 33 72 64 20 53 75 6e | 64 61 79 20 69 6e 20 4f |"3rd Sun|day in O|
|00004410| 63 74 6f 62 65 72 22 29 | 0a 61 6e 64 20 77 6f 75 |ctober")|.and wou|
|00004420| 6c 64 20 6c 6f 73 65 20 | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 |ld lose |if the s|
|00004430| 79 73 74 65 6d 20 68 61 | 70 70 65 6e 65 64 20 74 |ystem ha|ppened t|
|00004440| 6f 20 62 65 20 64 6f 77 | 6e 20 61 74 20 63 6f 6e |o be dow|n at con|
|00004450| 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 74 69 6d 65 2e 20 20 41 |version |time.  A|
|00004460| 6c 73 6f 2c 0a 74 68 65 | 20 61 6c 67 6f 72 69 74 |lso,.the| algorit|
|00004470| 68 6d 20 68 61 73 20 74 | 6f 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 66 |hm has t|o work f|
|00004480| 6f 72 20 64 61 74 65 73 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 72 |or dates| that ar|
|00004490| 65 6e 27 74 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 79 65 61 72 2c 20 |en't thi|s year, |
|000044a0| 65 2e 67 2e 20 22 6c 73 | 20 2d 6c 22 20 6f 66 0a |e.g. "ls| -l" of.|
|000044b0| 61 6e 20 6f 6c 64 20 66 | 69 6c 65 2e 0a 0a 48 6f |an old f|ile...Ho|
|000044c0| 77 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 64 |w much o|f this d|
|000044d0| 6f 65 73 20 50 31 30 30 | 33 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 |oes P100|3 need t|
|000044e0| 6f 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 | 79 3f 20 20 41 66 74 65 |o specif|y?  Afte|
|000044f0| 72 20 61 6c 6c 2c 20 69 | 66 20 74 68 65 79 20 61 |r all, i|f they a|
|00004500| 72 65 20 6a 75 73 74 0a | 73 70 65 63 69 66 79 69 |re just.|specifyi|
|00004510| 6e 67 20 73 65 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 32 20 61 6e |ng secti|ons 2 an|
|00004520| 64 20 33 2c 20 74 68 65 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 |d 3, the|n the fi|
|00004530| 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 |le forma|t and th|
|00004540| 65 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 | 20 66 6f 72 20 6d 61 6b |e method| for mak|
|00004550| 69 6e 67 0a 73 75 72 65 | 20 74 68 69 6e 67 73 20 |ing.sure| things |
|00004560| 61 72 65 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 |are righ|t should|
|00004570| 20 62 65 20 75 70 20 74 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 69 6d | be up t|o the im|
|00004580| 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 6f | 72 2e 20 20 57 65 6c 6c |plemento|r.  Well|
|00004590| 2c 20 61 74 20 61 20 6d | 69 6e 69 6d 75 6d 2c 0a |, at a m|inimum,.|
|000045a0| 77 65 20 6e 65 65 64 20 | 63 74 69 6d 65 20 61 6e |we need |ctime an|
|000045b0| 64 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 74 | 69 6d 65 2e 20 20 57 65 |d localt|ime.  We|
|000045c0| 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 61 20 | 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 | also a |standard|
|000045d0| 20 77 61 79 20 74 6f 20 | 67 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 | way to |get the |
|000045e0| 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e | 65 0a 6e 61 6d 65 20 61 |time zon|e.name a|
|000045f0| 6e 64 20 6f 66 66 73 65 | 74 20 2d 20 74 68 65 72 |nd offse|t - ther|
|00004600| 65 20 69 73 20 61 20 6c | 6f 74 20 6f 66 20 69 66 |e is a l|ot of if|
|00004610| 64 65 66 66 65 64 20 63 | 6f 64 65 20 6f 75 74 20 |deffed c|ode out |
|00004620| 74 68 65 72 65 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 65 69 74 68 65 |there th|at eithe|
|00004630| 72 0a 6c 6f 6f 6b 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 54 5a 20 6f |r.looks |for TZ o|
|00004640| 72 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 20 | 66 74 69 6d 65 20 2d 20 |r calls |ftime - |
|00004650| 61 6e 64 20 77 68 65 74 | 68 65 72 20 64 61 79 6c |and whet|her dayl|
|00004660| 69 67 68 74 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 61 70 70 6c 69 65 |ight tim|e applie|
|00004670| 73 20 28 61 6e 64 20 62 | 79 0a 68 6f 77 20 6d 75 |s (and b|y.how mu|
|00004680| 63 68 29 20 66 6f 72 20 | 61 20 67 69 76 65 6e 20 |ch) for |a given |
|00004690| 74 69 6d 65 2e 0a 0a 42 | 75 74 20 74 68 65 72 65 |time...B|ut there|
|000046a0| 27 73 20 6d 6f 72 65 2e | 20 20 57 68 65 6e 20 74 |'s more.|  When t|
|000046b0| 68 65 20 6d 6f 6f 64 20 | 73 74 72 69 6b 65 73 20 |he mood |strikes |
|000046c0| 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 73 73 | 20 74 6f 20 63 68 61 6e |Congress| to chan|
|000046d0| 67 65 20 74 68 65 20 72 | 75 6c 65 73 20 61 6e 64 |ge the r|ules and|
|000046e0| 0a 67 69 76 65 73 20 75 | 73 20 32 20 6d 6f 6e 74 |.gives u|s 2 mont|
|000046f0| 68 73 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 | 65 2c 20 69 74 20 6f 75 |hs notic|e, it ou|
|00004700| 67 68 74 20 74 6f 20 62 | 65 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 |ght to b|e possib|
|00004710| 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 73 68 20 61 20 |le to pu|blish a |
|00004720| 6e 65 77 20 74 61 62 6c | 65 0a 74 68 61 74 20 65 |new tabl|e.that e|
|00004730| 76 65 72 79 62 6f 64 79 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 |verybody| with a |
|00004740| 50 31 30 30 33 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 20 63 61 6e |P1003 sy|stem can|
|00004750| 20 6a 75 73 74 20 74 79 | 70 65 20 69 6e 2e 20 20 | just ty|pe in.  |
|00004760| 49 74 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 62 65 20 6e 69 63 65 |It would| be nice|
|00004770| 20 69 66 0a 74 68 65 20 | 6c 6f 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | if.the |location|
|00004780| 20 61 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 | 6d 61 74 20 6f 66 20 74 | and for|mat of t|
|00004790| 68 69 73 20 74 61 62 6c | 65 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 |his tabl|e were s|
|000047a0| 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 69 | 7a 65 64 2e 20 20 28 41 |tandardi|zed.  (A|
|000047b0| 66 74 65 72 20 61 6c 6c | 2c 20 74 68 65 0a 55 53 |fter all|, the.US|
|000047c0| 20 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 73 | 73 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 | Congres|s doesn'|
|000047d0| 74 20 73 65 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 72 75 6c 65 73 20 |t set th|e rules |
|000047e0| 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 72 65 73 74 20 6f 66 20 |for the |rest of |
|000047f0| 74 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6c | 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |the worl|d, and t|
|00004800| 68 65 79 20 61 72 65 0a | 6a 75 73 74 20 61 73 20 |hey are.|just as |
|00004810| 73 75 62 6a 65 63 74 20 | 74 6f 20 68 61 76 69 6e |subject |to havin|
|00004820| 67 20 61 72 62 69 74 72 | 61 72 79 20 62 6f 64 69 |g arbitr|ary bodi|
|00004830| 65 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 | 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e |es with |differen|
|00004840| 74 20 72 75 6c 65 73 2e | 29 0a 0a 46 69 6e 61 6c |t rules.|)..Final|
|00004850| 6c 79 2c 20 74 68 65 72 | 65 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20 |ly, ther|e needs |
|00004860| 74 6f 20 62 65 20 61 20 | 72 65 71 75 69 72 65 6d |to be a |requirem|
|00004870| 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 6d |ent that| the tim|
|00004880| 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 61 | 6c 77 61 79 73 20 77 6f |e zone a|lways wo|
|00004890| 72 6b 2e 0a 53 6f 6d 65 | 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 73 |rk..Some| discuss|
|000048a0| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 73 65 20 69 73 73 |ion of t|hese iss|
|000048b0| 75 65 73 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 62 65 20 70 72 |ues shou|ld be pr|
|000048c0| 65 73 65 6e 74 2e 20 20 | 4f 74 68 65 72 77 69 73 |esent.  |Otherwis|
|000048d0| 65 2c 20 73 6f 6d 65 0a | 69 6d 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e |e, some.|implemen|
|000048e0| 74 6f 72 20 69 73 20 67 | 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 |tor is g|oing to |
|000048f0| 74 68 69 6e 6b 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 53 |think th|at the S|
|00004900| 79 73 74 65 6d 20 49 49 | 49 20 6d 65 74 68 6f 64 |ystem II|I method|
|00004910| 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 61 | 64 65 71 75 61 74 65 6c | works a|dequatel|
|00004920| 79 2e 0a 0a 09 4d 61 72 | 6b 20 48 6f 72 74 6f 6e |y....Mar|k Horton|
|00004930| 0a 0a 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 | 2d 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a |..Volume|-Number:|
|00004940| 20 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 | 35 2c 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | Volume |5, Numbe|
|00004950| 72 20 33 0a 0a 46 72 6f | 6d 20 6a 73 71 20 20 46 |r 3..Fro|m jsq  F|
|00004960| 72 69 20 4a 61 6e 20 20 | 33 20 32 30 3a 30 32 3a |ri Jan  |3 20:02:|
|00004970| 34 35 20 31 39 38 36 0a | 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 73 74 |45 1986.|From: st|
|00004980| 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 25 75 | 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e |d-unix%u|t-sally.|
|00004990| 55 55 43 50 40 53 41 4c | 4c 59 2e 55 54 45 58 41 |UUCP@SAL|LY.UTEXA|
|000049a0| 53 2e 45 44 55 20 28 4d | 6f 64 65 72 61 74 6f 72 |S.EDU (M|oderator|
|000049b0| 2c 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 51 | 75 61 72 74 65 72 6d 61 |, John Q|uarterma|
|000049c0| 6e 29 0a 4e 65 77 73 67 | 72 6f 75 70 73 3a 20 6d |n).Newsg|roups: m|
|000049d0| 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e 75 | 6e 69 78 0a 53 75 62 6a |od.std.u|nix.Subj|
|000049e0| 65 63 74 3a 20 54 69 6d | 65 20 5a 6f 6e 65 73 3b |ect: Tim|e Zones;|
|000049f0| 20 56 35 4e 34 0a 4d 65 | 73 73 61 67 65 2d 49 64 | V5N4.Me|ssage-Id|
|00004a00| 3a 20 3c 33 39 31 31 40 | 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 |: <3911@|ut-sally|
|00004a10| 2e 55 55 43 50 3e 0a 52 | 65 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 |.UUCP>.R|eference|
|00004a20| 73 3a 20 3c 33 39 30 36 | 40 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c |s: <3906|@ut-sall|
|00004a30| 79 2e 55 55 43 50 3e 0a | 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 |y.UUCP>.|Organiza|
|00004a40| 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 49 45 | 45 45 2f 50 31 30 30 33 |tion: IE|EE/P1003|
|00004a50| 20 50 6f 72 74 61 62 6c | 65 20 4f 70 65 72 61 74 | Portabl|e Operat|
|00004a60| 69 6e 67 20 53 79 73 74 | 65 6d 20 45 6e 76 69 72 |ing Syst|em Envir|
|00004a70| 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 43 | 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 65 65 |onment C|ommittee|
|00004a80| 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 34 | 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 36 20 |.Date: 4| Jan 86 |
|00004a90| 30 32 3a 30 32 3a 33 33 | 20 47 4d 54 0a 44 72 61 |02:02:33| GMT.Dra|
|00004aa0| 66 74 2d 39 3a 20 54 5a | 0a 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 |ft-9: TZ|..Date: |
|00004ab0| 46 72 69 2c 20 33 20 4a | 61 6e 20 38 36 20 31 31 |Fri, 3 J|an 86 11|
|00004ac0| 3a 32 32 3a 35 30 20 70 | 73 74 0a 46 72 6f 6d 3a |:22:50 p|st.From:|
|00004ad0| 20 75 73 65 6e 69 78 21 | 66 61 69 72 40 40 73 61 | usenix!|fair@@sa|
|00004ae0| 6c 6c 79 2e 55 54 45 58 | 41 53 2e 45 44 55 20 28 |lly.UTEX|AS.EDU (|
|00004af0| 45 72 69 6b 20 45 2e 20 | 46 61 69 72 29 0a 0a 49 |Erik E. |Fair)..I|
|00004b00| 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f | 20 61 6d 70 6c 69 66 79 | want to| amplify|
|00004b10| 20 77 68 61 74 20 4d 61 | 72 6b 20 48 6f 72 74 6f | what Ma|rk Horto|
|00004b20| 6e 20 68 61 64 20 74 6f | 20 73 61 79 2c 20 61 6e |n had to| say, an|
|00004b30| 64 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 70 | 6f 69 6e 74 20 6f 75 74 |d also p|oint out|
|00004b40| 20 6f 6e 65 0a 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 6c 69 74 74 6c 65 | one.mor|e little|
|00004b50| 20 67 6f 74 63 68 61 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 53 | gotcha |in the S|
|00004b60| 79 73 74 65 6d 20 49 49 | 49 2f 53 79 73 74 65 6d |ystem II|I/System|
|00004b70| 20 56 20 6d 65 74 68 6f | 64 20 6f 66 20 74 69 6d | V metho|d of tim|
|00004b80| 65 7a 6f 6e 65 0a 6b 65 | 65 70 69 6e 67 3a 0a 0a |ezone.ke|eping:..|
|00004b90| 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 | 65 20 71 75 69 74 65 20 |There ar|e quite |
|00004ba0| 61 20 66 65 77 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 74 |a few pr|ograms t|
|00004bb0| 68 61 74 20 70 75 72 70 | 6f 73 65 6c 79 20 7a 61 |hat purp|osely za|
|00004bc0| 70 20 74 68 65 20 65 6e | 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e |p the en|vironmen|
|00004bd0| 74 20 66 6f 72 0a 73 65 | 63 75 72 69 74 79 20 72 |t for.se|curity r|
|00004be0| 65 61 73 6f 6e 73 20 28 | 65 2e 67 2e 20 75 75 63 |easons (|e.g. uuc|
|00004bf0| 69 63 6f 2c 20 75 75 78 | 71 74 2c 20 67 65 74 74 |ico, uux|qt, gett|
|00004c00| 79 2c 20 6c 6f 67 69 6e | 29 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 |y, login|), which|
|00004c10| 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f | 20 62 65 0a 6d 6f 64 69 | have to| be.modi|
|00004c20| 66 69 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 70 61 73 73 20 74 68 72 |fied to |pass thr|
|00004c30| 6f 75 67 68 20 54 5a 20 | 28 69 6e 20 61 64 64 69 |ough TZ |(in addi|
|00004c40| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 50 41 54 48 2c 20 4c 4f |tion to |PATH, LO|
|00004c50| 47 4e 41 4d 45 2c 20 65 | 74 63 2e 29 20 74 6f 0a |GNAME, e|tc.) to.|
|00004c60| 74 68 65 69 72 20 63 68 | 69 6c 64 72 65 6e 2c 20 |their ch|ildren, |
|00004c70| 69 66 20 79 6f 75 20 77 | 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 67 |if you w|ant to g|
|00004c80| 65 74 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 74 69 6d 65 20 73 74 61 |et your |time sta|
|00004c90| 6d 70 73 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |mps righ|t for th|
|00004ca0| 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 0a 79 | 6f 75 27 72 65 20 69 6e |e zone.y|ou're in|
|00004cb0| 20 28 75 6e 6c 65 73 73 | 20 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 | (unless| you're |
|00004cc0| 6c 75 63 6b 79 20 65 6e | 6f 75 67 68 20 74 6f 20 |lucky en|ough to |
|00004cd0| 62 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c |be in th|e defaul|
|00004ce0| 74 20 7a 6f 6e 65 2c 20 | 6f 72 0a 68 61 76 65 20 |t zone, |or.have |
|00004cf0| 74 68 65 20 75 6e 6d 69 | 74 69 67 61 74 65 64 20 |the unmi|tigated |
|00004d00| 67 61 6c 6c 20 74 6f 20 | 73 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 |gall to |set the |
|00004d10| 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 20 | 74 6f 20 79 6f 75 72 20 |default |to your |
|00004d20| 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 74 69 | 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 2c |local ti|me zone,|
|00004d30| 0a 6c 69 6b 65 20 41 54 | 26 54 29 2e 0a 0a 49 6e |.like AT|&T)...In|
|00004d40| 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 75 | 6c 61 72 2c 20 75 75 78 | particu|lar, uux|
|00004d50| 71 74 20 68 61 73 20 74 | 6f 20 62 65 20 66 69 78 |qt has t|o be fix|
|00004d60| 65 64 20 62 65 63 61 75 | 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 6d |ed becau|se the m|
|00004d70| 61 69 6c 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 69 73 0a 69 |ail prog|ram is.i|
|00004d80| 6e 76 6f 6b 65 64 20 61 | 73 20 61 20 63 68 69 6c |nvoked a|s a chil|
|00004d90| 64 20 6f 66 20 75 75 78 | 71 74 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |d of uux|qt, and |
|00004da0| 74 68 75 73 20 69 6e 68 | 65 72 69 74 73 20 75 75 |thus inh|erits uu|
|00004db0| 78 71 74 27 73 20 65 6e | 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e |xqt's en|vironmen|
|00004dc0| 74 2e 0a 0a 09 73 74 69 | 6c 6c 20 6d 61 64 20 61 |t....sti|ll mad a|
|00004dd0| 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 6e 65 61 72 6c 79 |bout thi|s nearly|
|00004de0| 20 74 77 6f 20 79 65 61 | 72 73 20 6c 61 74 65 72 | two yea|rs later|
|00004df0| 2c 0a 0a 09 45 72 69 6b | 20 45 2e 20 46 61 69 72 |,...Erik| E. Fair|
|00004e00| 09 75 63 62 76 61 78 21 | 66 61 69 72 09 66 61 69 |.ucbvax!|fair.fai|
|00004e10| 72 40 75 63 62 61 72 70 | 61 2e 62 65 72 6b 65 6c |r@ucbarp|a.berkel|
|00004e20| 65 79 2e 65 64 75 0a 0a | 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 2d 4e |ey.edu..|Volume-N|
|00004e30| 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 56 | 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 35 2c |umber: V|olume 5,|
|00004e40| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 | 34 0a 0a 46 72 6f 6d 20 | Number |4..From |
|00004e50| 6a 73 71 20 20 46 72 69 | 20 4a 61 6e 20 20 33 20 |jsq  Fri| Jan  3 |
|00004e60| 32 30 3a 30 34 3a 35 34 | 20 31 39 38 36 0a 46 72 |20:04:54| 1986.Fr|
|00004e70| 6f 6d 3a 20 73 74 64 2d | 75 6e 69 78 25 75 74 2d |om: std-|unix%ut-|
|00004e80| 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 55 | 43 50 40 53 41 4c 4c 59 |sally.UU|CP@SALLY|
|00004e90| 2e 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e | 45 44 55 20 28 4d 6f 64 |.UTEXAS.|EDU (Mod|
|00004ea0| 65 72 61 74 6f 72 2c 20 | 4a 6f 68 6e 20 51 75 61 |erator, |John Qua|
|00004eb0| 72 74 65 72 6d 61 6e 29 | 0a 4e 65 77 73 67 72 6f |rterman)|.Newsgro|
|00004ec0| 75 70 73 3a 20 6d 6f 64 | 2e 73 74 64 2e 75 6e 69 |ups: mod|.std.uni|
|00004ed0| 78 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 63 | 74 3a 20 52 65 3a 20 54 |x.Subjec|t: Re: T|
|00004ee0| 69 6d 65 20 5a 6f 6e 65 | 73 3b 20 56 35 4e 35 0a |ime Zone|s; V5N5.|
|00004ef0| 4d 65 73 73 61 67 65 2d | 49 64 3a 20 3c 33 39 31 |Message-|Id: <391|
|00004f00| 32 40 75 74 2d 73 61 6c | 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 50 3e |2@ut-sal|ly.UUCP>|
|00004f10| 0a 52 65 66 65 72 65 6e | 63 65 73 3a 20 3c 33 39 |.Referen|ces: <39|
|00004f20| 30 36 40 75 74 2d 73 61 | 6c 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 50 |06@ut-sa|lly.UUCP|
|00004f30| 3e 0a 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 | 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 |>.Organi|zation: |
|00004f40| 49 45 45 45 2f 50 31 30 | 30 33 20 50 6f 72 74 61 |IEEE/P10|03 Porta|
|00004f50| 62 6c 65 20 4f 70 65 72 | 61 74 69 6e 67 20 53 79 |ble Oper|ating Sy|
|00004f60| 73 74 65 6d 20 45 6e 76 | 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 |stem Env|ironment|
|00004f70| 20 43 6f 6d 6d 69 74 74 | 65 65 0a 44 61 74 65 3a | Committ|ee.Date:|
|00004f80| 20 34 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 | 36 20 30 32 3a 30 34 3a | 4 Jan 8|6 02:04:|
|00004f90| 34 33 20 47 4d 54 0a 44 | 72 61 66 74 2d 39 3a 20 |43 GMT.D|raft-9: |
|00004fa0| 54 5a 0a 0a 44 61 74 65 | 3a 20 46 72 69 2c 20 33 |TZ..Date|: Fri, 3|
|00004fb0| 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 36 20 | 30 39 3a 35 32 3a 31 33 | Jan 86 |09:52:13|
|00004fc0| 20 65 73 74 0a 46 72 6f | 6d 3a 20 68 61 72 76 61 | est.Fro|m: harva|
|00004fd0| 72 64 21 65 6e 63 6f 72 | 65 21 62 61 62 65 6c 21 |rd!encor|e!babel!|
|00004fe0| 70 74 77 40 73 61 6c 6c | 79 2e 55 54 45 58 41 53 |ptw@sall|y.UTEXAS|
|00004ff0| 2e 45 44 55 20 28 50 2e | 20 54 75 63 6b 65 72 20 |.EDU (P.| Tucker |
|00005000| 57 69 74 68 69 6e 67 74 | 6f 6e 29 0a 0a 49 6e 20 |Withingt|on)..In |
|00005010| 4d 61 72 6b 27 73 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 |Mark's c|omments |
|00005020| 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 69 | 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 73 |about ti|me zones|
|00005030| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 6e 6c | 79 20 22 69 6e 73 75 72 | the onl|y "insur|
|00005040| 6d 6f 75 6e 74 61 62 6c | 65 22 20 70 72 6f 62 6c |mountabl|e" probl|
|00005050| 65 6d 20 68 65 0a 66 6f | 75 6e 64 20 77 69 74 68 |em he.fo|und with|
|00005060| 20 74 68 65 20 53 79 73 | 20 49 49 49 20 6d 65 74 | the Sys| III met|
|00005070| 68 6f 64 20 77 61 73 20 | 68 69 73 20 73 65 63 75 |hod was |his secu|
|00005080| 72 69 74 79 20 68 6f 6c | 65 2c 20 74 68 61 74 20 |rity hol|e, that |
|00005090| 61 20 75 73 65 72 20 63 | 6f 75 6c 64 0a 66 6f 72 |a user c|ould.for|
|000050a0| 63 65 20 75 75 63 70 27 | 73 20 4c 2e 73 79 73 20 |ce uucp'|s L.sys |
|000050b0| 74 61 62 6c 65 20 74 6f | 20 62 65 20 69 6e 74 65 |table to| be inte|
|000050c0| 72 70 72 65 74 65 64 20 | 69 6e 63 6f 72 72 65 63 |rpreted |incorrec|
|000050d0| 74 6c 79 2e 0a 0a 54 68 | 65 20 72 65 61 6c 20 70 |tly...Th|e real p|
|000050e0| 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 20 69 | 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 74 |roblem i|s that t|
|000050f0| 68 65 20 4c 2e 73 79 73 | 20 65 6e 74 72 79 20 69 |he L.sys| entry i|
|00005100| 73 20 61 6d 62 69 67 75 | 6f 75 73 2c 20 75 6e 6c |s ambigu|ous, unl|
|00005110| 65 73 73 20 61 20 54 5a | 0a 69 73 20 67 69 76 65 |ess a TZ|.is give|
|00005120| 6e 20 74 6f 20 69 6e 74 | 65 72 70 72 65 74 20 69 |n to int|erpret i|
|00005130| 74 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 73 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e |t.  The |solution|
|00005140| 20 68 65 72 65 20 69 73 | 20 61 6b 69 6e 20 74 6f | here is| akin to|
|00005150| 20 68 61 76 69 6e 67 20 | 22 69 6e 69 74 22 0a 73 | having |"init".s|
|00005160| 65 74 20 61 20 64 65 66 | 61 75 6c 74 20 74 69 6d |et a def|ault tim|
|00005170| 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 2e 20 | 20 75 75 63 69 63 6f 20 |e zone. | uucico |
|00005180| 6e 65 65 64 73 20 74 6f | 20 68 61 76 65 20 61 20 |needs to| have a |
|00005190| 70 72 6f 66 69 6c 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 64 65 66 |profile |that def|
|000051a0| 69 6e 65 73 0a 74 68 65 | 20 74 69 6d 65 7a 6f 6e |ines.the| timezon|
|000051b0| 65 20 4c 2e 73 79 73 20 | 69 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 |e L.sys |is to be|
|000051c0| 20 69 6e 74 65 72 70 72 | 65 74 65 64 20 72 65 6c | interpr|eted rel|
|000051d0| 61 74 69 76 65 20 74 6f | 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 |ative to|, which |
|000051e0| 6f 76 65 72 72 69 64 65 | 73 20 61 6e 79 0a 75 73 |override|s any.us|
|000051f0| 65 72 20 73 65 74 74 69 | 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 54 5a |er setti|ng of TZ|
|00005200| 2e 20 20 41 6c 74 65 72 | 6e 61 74 69 76 65 6c 79 |.  Alter|natively|
|00005210| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 4c 2e | 73 79 73 20 65 6e 74 72 |, the L.|sys entr|
|00005220| 69 65 73 20 63 6f 75 6c | 64 20 62 65 20 22 66 75 |ies coul|d be "fu|
|00005230| 6c 6c 79 0a 73 70 65 63 | 69 66 69 65 64 22 2c 20 |lly.spec|ified", |
|00005240| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 6e | 67 20 61 20 74 69 6d 65 |includin|g a time|
|00005250| 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6f 72 | 20 64 65 66 69 6e 65 64 | zone or| defined|
|00005260| 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 47 | 4d 54 2e 0a 0a 54 68 65 | to be G|MT...The|
|00005270| 20 6f 62 6a 65 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 70 75 | objecti|on to pu|
|00005280| 74 74 69 6e 67 20 54 5a | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |tting TZ| in the |
|00005290| 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d | 65 6e 74 20 69 73 20 6e |environm|ent is n|
|000052a0| 6f 74 20 73 70 65 63 69 | 66 69 63 20 74 6f 20 54 |ot speci|fic to T|
|000052b0| 5a 2c 0a 69 74 20 69 73 | 20 61 20 67 65 6e 65 72 |Z,.it is| a gener|
|000052c0| 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 62 6c | 65 6d 20 77 69 74 68 20 |al probl|em with |
|000052d0| 74 68 65 20 69 6d 70 6c | 65 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 69 |the impl|ementati|
|000052e0| 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 65 6e | 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e |on of en|vironmen|
|000052f0| 74 2e 20 20 28 54 68 65 | 72 65 0a 70 72 6f 62 61 |t.  (The|re.proba|
|00005300| 62 6c 79 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 62 65 20 73 6f |bly shou|ld be so|
|00005310| 6d 65 20 73 68 61 72 65 | 64 20 65 6e 76 69 72 6f |me share|d enviro|
|00005320| 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2c 20 69 | 6e 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 |nment, i|n additi|
|00005330| 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 70 72 | 69 76 61 74 65 0a 65 6e |on to pr|ivate.en|
|00005340| 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e | 74 2c 20 73 6f 20 74 68 |vironmen|t, so th|
|00005350| 61 74 20 22 63 6f 6e 73 | 74 61 6e 74 73 22 20 6c |at "cons|tants" l|
|00005360| 69 6b 65 20 54 45 52 4d | 20 61 6e 64 20 54 5a 20 |ike TERM| and TZ |
|00005370| 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 63 61 72 72 69 65 64 20 |are not |carried |
|00005380| 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 0a 61 | 73 20 65 78 63 65 73 73 |around.a|s excess|
|00005390| 20 62 61 67 67 61 67 65 | 20 62 79 20 65 61 63 68 | baggage| by each|
|000053a0| 20 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 | 2e 29 0a 0a 49 20 63 6f | process|.)..I co|
|000053b0| 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 |nclude t|hat the |
|000053c0| 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 49 | 49 49 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |System I|II time |
|000053d0| 7a 6f 6e 65 20 6d 65 63 | 68 61 6e 69 73 6d 20 69 |zone mec|hanism i|
|000053e0| 73 20 74 68 65 6e 20 65 | 71 75 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 |s then e|qual to |
|000053f0| 74 68 65 0a 56 37 20 6d | 65 63 68 61 6e 69 73 6d |the.V7 m|echanism|
|00005400| 2c 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 64 76 61 6e |, with t|he advan|
|00005410| 74 61 67 65 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 65 61 63 68 20 75 |tage tha|t each u|
|00005420| 73 65 72 20 63 61 6e 20 | 6f 70 65 72 61 74 65 20 |ser can |operate |
|00005430| 69 6e 20 77 68 61 74 65 | 76 65 72 0a 74 69 6d 65 |in whate|ver.time|
|00005440| 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 68 65 | 20 6c 69 6b 65 73 2e 0a | zone he| likes..|
|00005450| 0a 52 65 67 61 72 64 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 64 |.Regardi|ng the d|
|00005460| 61 79 6c 69 67 68 74 20 | 73 61 76 69 6e 67 73 20 |aylight |savings |
|00005470| 62 75 67 61 62 6f 6f 3a | 20 20 49 20 66 65 65 6c |bugaboo:|  I feel|
|00005480| 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 73 | 20 61 20 72 65 64 20 68 | this is| a red h|
|00005490| 65 72 72 69 6e 67 2e 0a | 59 6f 75 20 70 72 6f 62 |erring..|You prob|
|000054a0| 61 62 6c 79 20 63 61 72 | 65 20 77 68 65 6e 20 74 |ably car|e when t|
|000054b0| 68 65 20 70 72 65 73 65 | 6e 74 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |he prese|nt time |
|000054c0| 69 73 20 44 53 54 2c 20 | 62 75 74 20 62 65 69 6e |is DST, |but bein|
|000054d0| 67 20 6f 66 66 20 62 79 | 20 2b 2f 2d 0a 31 20 68 |g off by| +/-.1 h|
|000054e0| 6f 75 72 20 6f 6e 20 61 | 6e 63 69 65 6e 74 20 66 |our on a|ncient f|
|000054f0| 69 6c 65 20 64 61 74 65 | 73 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 |ile date|s is not|
|00005500| 20 67 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 | 6f 20 72 65 61 6c 6c 79 | going t|o really|
|00005510| 20 62 6f 74 68 65 72 20 | 61 6e 79 6f 6e 65 2e 20 | bother |anyone. |
|00005520| 20 54 68 75 73 0a 69 74 | 20 69 73 20 70 72 6f 62 | Thus.it| is prob|
|00005530| 61 62 6c 79 20 73 75 66 | 66 69 63 69 65 6e 74 20 |ably suf|ficient |
|00005540| 74 6f 20 68 61 76 65 20 | 61 20 73 68 65 6c 6c 20 |to have |a shell |
|00005550| 73 63 72 69 70 74 20 69 | 6e 20 79 6f 75 72 20 70 |script i|n your p|
|00005560| 72 6f 66 69 6c 65 20 74 | 6f 20 73 65 74 0a 61 6e |rofile t|o set.an|
|00005570| 79 20 22 65 78 63 65 70 | 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 22 20 |y "excep|tional" |
|00005580| 44 53 54 20 74 69 6d 65 | 73 2e 0a 0a 56 6f 6c 75 |DST time|s...Volu|
|00005590| 6d 65 2d 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 3a 20 56 6f 6c 75 6d |me-Numbe|r: Volum|
|000055a0| 65 20 35 2c 20 4e 75 6d | 62 65 72 20 35 0a 0a 46 |e 5, Num|ber 5..F|
|000055b0| 72 6f 6d 20 6a 73 71 20 | 20 53 61 74 20 4a 61 6e |rom jsq | Sat Jan|
|000055c0| 20 20 34 20 31 37 3a 34 | 30 3a 30 32 20 31 39 38 |  4 17:4|0:02 198|
|000055d0| 36 0a 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 | 73 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 |6.From: |std-unix|
|000055e0| 25 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c | 79 2e 55 55 43 50 40 53 |%ut-sall|y.UUCP@S|
|000055f0| 41 4c 4c 59 2e 55 54 45 | 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 20 |ALLY.UTE|XAS.EDU |
|00005600| 28 4d 6f 64 65 72 61 74 | 6f 72 2c 20 4a 6f 68 6e |(Moderat|or, John|
|00005610| 20 51 75 61 72 74 65 72 | 6d 61 6e 29 0a 4e 65 77 | Quarter|man).New|
|00005620| 73 67 72 6f 75 70 73 3a | 20 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 |sgroups:| mod.std|
|00005630| 2e 75 6e 69 78 0a 53 75 | 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 52 |.unix.Su|bject: R|
|00005640| 65 3a 20 54 69 6d 65 20 | 5a 6f 6e 65 73 3b 20 56 |e: Time |Zones; V|
|00005650| 35 4e 36 0a 4d 65 73 73 | 61 67 65 2d 49 64 3a 20 |5N6.Mess|age-Id: |
|00005660| 3c 33 39 31 37 40 75 74 | 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 |<3917@ut|-sally.U|
|00005670| 55 43 50 3e 0a 52 65 66 | 65 72 65 6e 63 65 73 3a |UCP>.Ref|erences:|
|00005680| 20 3c 33 39 30 36 40 75 | 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e | <3906@u|t-sally.|
|00005690| 55 55 43 50 3e 20 3c 33 | 39 31 32 40 75 74 2d 73 |UUCP> <3|912@ut-s|
|000056a0| 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 55 43 | 50 3e 0a 52 65 70 6c 79 |ally.UUC|P>.Reply|
|000056b0| 2d 54 6f 3a 20 68 6f 6b | 65 79 40 70 6c 75 73 35 |-To: hok|ey@plus5|
|000056c0| 2e 55 55 43 50 20 28 48 | 6f 6b 65 79 29 0a 4f 72 |.UUCP (H|okey).Or|
|000056d0| 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 49 45 45 45 |ganizati|on: IEEE|
|000056e0| 2f 50 31 30 30 33 20 50 | 6f 72 74 61 62 6c 65 20 |/P1003 P|ortable |
|000056f0| 4f 70 65 72 61 74 69 6e | 67 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d |Operatin|g System|
|00005700| 20 45 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e | 6d 65 6e 74 20 43 6f 6d | Environ|ment Com|
|00005710| 6d 69 74 74 65 65 0a 44 | 61 74 65 3a 20 34 20 4a |mittee.D|ate: 4 J|
|00005720| 61 6e 20 38 36 20 32 33 | 3a 33 39 3a 34 39 20 47 |an 86 23|:39:49 G|
|00005730| 4d 54 0a 44 72 61 66 74 | 2d 39 3a 20 54 5a 0a 0a |MT.Draft|-9: TZ..|
|00005740| 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 70 6c | 75 73 35 21 68 6f 6b 65 |From: pl|us5!hoke|
|00005750| 79 40 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e | 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e 45 |y@sally.|UTEXAS.E|
|00005760| 44 55 20 28 48 6f 6b 65 | 79 29 0a 44 61 74 65 3a |DU (Hoke|y).Date:|
|00005770| 20 53 61 74 2c 20 34 20 | 4a 61 6e 20 38 36 20 31 | Sat, 4 |Jan 86 1|
|00005780| 32 3a 32 31 3a 35 38 20 | 43 53 54 0a 0a 3e 44 61 |2:21:58 |CST..>Da|
|00005790| 74 65 3a 20 46 72 69 2c | 20 33 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 |te: Fri,| 3 Jan 8|
|000057a0| 36 20 30 39 3a 35 32 3a | 31 33 20 65 73 74 0a 3e |6 09:52:|13 est.>|
|000057b0| 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 68 61 | 72 76 61 72 64 21 65 6e |From: ha|rvard!en|
|000057c0| 63 6f 72 65 21 62 61 62 | 65 6c 21 70 74 77 40 73 |core!bab|el!ptw@s|
|000057d0| 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 54 45 | 58 41 53 2e 45 44 55 20 |ally.UTE|XAS.EDU |
|000057e0| 28 50 2e 20 54 75 63 6b | 65 72 20 57 69 74 68 69 |(P. Tuck|er Withi|
|000057f0| 6e 67 74 6f 6e 29 0a 3e | 0a 3e 52 65 67 61 72 64 |ngton).>|.>Regard|
|00005800| 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 | 64 61 79 6c 69 67 68 74 |ing the |daylight|
|00005810| 20 73 61 76 69 6e 67 73 | 20 62 75 67 61 62 6f 6f | savings| bugaboo|
|00005820| 3a 20 20 49 20 66 65 65 | 6c 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 |:  I fee|l this i|
|00005830| 73 20 61 20 72 65 64 20 | 68 65 72 72 69 6e 67 2e |s a red |herring.|
|00005840| 0a 3e 59 6f 75 20 70 72 | 6f 62 61 62 6c 79 20 63 |.>You pr|obably c|
|00005850| 61 72 65 20 77 68 65 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 65 |are when| the pre|
|00005860| 73 65 6e 74 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 69 73 20 44 53 54 |sent tim|e is DST|
|00005870| 2c 20 62 75 74 20 62 65 | 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 66 20 |, but be|ing off |
|00005880| 62 79 20 2b 2f 2d 0a 3e | 31 20 68 6f 75 72 20 6f |by +/-.>|1 hour o|
|00005890| 6e 20 61 6e 63 69 65 6e | 74 20 66 69 6c 65 20 64 |n ancien|t file d|
|000058a0| 61 74 65 73 20 69 73 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 67 6f 69 6e |ates is |not goin|
|000058b0| 67 20 74 6f 20 72 65 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 62 6f 74 68 |g to rea|lly both|
|000058c0| 65 72 20 61 6e 79 6f 6e | 65 2e 20 20 54 68 75 73 |er anyon|e.  Thus|
|000058d0| 0a 3e 69 74 20 69 73 20 | 70 72 6f 62 61 62 6c 79 |.>it is |probably|
|000058e0| 20 73 75 66 66 69 63 69 | 65 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 68 | suffici|ent to h|
|000058f0| 61 76 65 20 61 20 73 68 | 65 6c 6c 20 73 63 72 69 |ave a sh|ell scri|
|00005900| 70 74 20 69 6e 20 79 6f | 75 72 20 70 72 6f 66 69 |pt in yo|ur profi|
|00005910| 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 73 65 | 74 0a 3e 61 6e 79 20 22 |le to se|t.>any "|
|00005920| 65 78 63 65 70 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 22 20 44 53 54 |exceptio|nal" DST|
|00005930| 20 74 69 6d 65 73 2e 0a | 0a 54 68 69 73 20 73 69 | times..|.This si|
|00005940| 74 75 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 73 20 70 72 65 63 69 |tuation |is preci|
|00005950| 73 65 6c 79 20 77 68 79 | 20 61 6c 6c 20 74 69 6d |sely why| all tim|
|00005960| 65 73 74 61 6d 70 73 20 | 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 |estamps |should b|
|00005970| 65 20 6b 65 70 74 20 69 | 6e 20 47 4d 54 2e 0a 0a |e kept i|n GMT...|
|00005980| 41 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 79 73 74 65 6d 73 20 6c |At the s|ystems l|
|00005990| 65 76 65 6c 20 74 68 65 | 72 65 20 63 61 6e 20 62 |evel the|re can b|
|000059a0| 65 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 | 6d 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 |e proble|ms with |
|000059b0| 6d 61 6b 65 2c 20 62 61 | 63 6b 75 70 73 2c 20 61 |make, ba|ckups, a|
|000059c0| 6e 64 20 63 72 6f 6e 2c | 0a 61 6e 64 20 61 74 20 |nd cron,|.and at |
|000059d0| 74 68 65 20 61 70 70 6c | 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 |the appl|ications|
|000059e0| 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 74 | 68 65 72 65 20 63 61 6e | level t|here can|
|000059f0| 20 62 65 20 70 72 6f 62 | 6c 65 6d 73 20 74 72 61 | be prob|lems tra|
|00005a00| 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 65 76 | 65 6e 74 73 20 28 74 68 |cking ev|ents (th|
|00005a10| 69 73 0a 62 65 63 6f 6d | 65 73 20 63 72 69 74 69 |is.becom|es criti|
|00005a20| 63 61 6c 20 69 6e 2c 20 | 66 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d |cal in, |for exam|
|00005a30| 70 6c 65 2c 20 68 65 61 | 6c 74 68 20 63 61 72 65 |ple, hea|lth care|
|00005a40| 2e 20 20 4c 6f 6f 6b 73 | 20 6b 69 6e 64 61 20 73 |.  Looks| kinda s|
|00005a50| 74 72 61 6e 67 65 20 77 | 68 65 6e 0a 63 72 69 74 |trange w|hen.crit|
|00005a60| 69 63 61 6c 20 74 65 73 | 74 73 20 61 72 65 20 70 |ical tes|ts are p|
|00005a70| 65 72 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 | 2c 20 73 61 79 2c 20 61 |erformed|, say, a|
|00005a80| 20 68 61 6c 66 20 68 6f | 75 72 20 61 66 74 65 72 | half ho|ur after|
|00005a90| 20 61 20 70 61 74 69 65 | 6e 74 20 64 69 65 73 20 | a patie|nt dies |
|00005aa0| 28 6f 72 0a 77 68 65 6e | 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 69 |(or.when| there i|
|00005ab0| 73 20 61 6e 20 68 6f 75 | 72 20 67 61 70 20 62 65 |s an hou|r gap be|
|00005ac0| 74 77 65 65 6e 20 70 61 | 74 69 65 6e 74 20 61 64 |tween pa|tient ad|
|00005ad0| 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 61 6e 64 20 70 65 72 66 |mission |and perf|
|00005ae0| 6f 72 6d 61 6e 63 65 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 0a 74 |ormance |of the.t|
|00005af0| 65 73 74 73 29 2e 0a 0a | 5b 20 4d 61 6b 65 20 75 |ests)...|[ Make u|
|00005b00| 73 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 6e 61 6c |ses the |internal|
|00005b10| 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 3b 20 | system |format; |
|00005b20| 49 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 | 62 65 6c 69 65 76 65 20 |I don't |believe |
|00005b30| 61 6e 79 6f 6e 65 20 68 | 61 73 20 61 72 67 75 65 |anyone h|as argue|
|00005b40| 64 0a 74 68 61 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 73 68 6f 75 |d.that t|hat shou|
|00005b50| 6c 64 20 62 65 20 61 6e | 79 74 68 69 6e 67 20 62 |ld be an|ything b|
|00005b60| 75 74 20 47 4d 54 2e 20 | 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 6e |ut GMT. | It is n|
|00005b70| 6f 74 20 63 6c 65 61 72 | 20 28 61 74 20 6c 65 61 |ot clear| (at lea|
|00005b80| 73 74 20 74 6f 20 6d 65 | 29 0a 74 68 61 74 20 6b |st to me|).that k|
|00005b90| 65 65 70 69 6e 67 20 74 | 68 65 20 68 75 6d 61 6e |eeping t|he human|
|00005ba0| 2d 72 65 61 64 61 62 6c | 65 20 70 72 65 73 65 6e |-readabl|e presen|
|00005bb0| 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 | 6f 72 6d 61 74 73 20 75 |tation f|ormats u|
|00005bc0| 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 | 68 69 6e 67 73 20 6c 69 |sed by t|hings li|
|00005bd0| 6b 65 0a 63 72 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 47 4d 54 20 69 |ke.cron |in GMT i|
|00005be0| 6e 73 74 65 61 64 20 6f | 66 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 |nstead o|f local |
|00005bf0| 74 69 6d 65 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 64 65 63 72 65 61 |time wil|l decrea|
|00005c00| 73 65 20 68 75 6d 61 6e | 20 65 72 72 6f 72 73 3a |se human| errors:|
|00005c10| 20 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 | 20 64 6f 0a 6d 6f 73 74 |  people| do.most|
|00005c20| 6c 79 20 74 68 69 6e 6b | 20 69 6e 20 6c 6f 63 61 |ly think| in loca|
|00005c30| 6c 20 74 69 6d 65 2e 20 | 20 2d 6d 6f 64 20 5d 0a |l time. | -mod ].|
|00005c40| 0a 2d 2d 20 0a 48 6f 6b | 65 79 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.-- .Hok|ey      |
|00005c50| 20 20 20 20 20 2e 2e 69 | 68 6e 70 34 21 70 6c 75 |     ..i|hnp4!plu|
|00005c60| 73 35 21 68 6f 6b 65 79 | 0a 09 09 20 20 33 31 34 |s5!hokey|...  314|
|00005c70| 2d 37 32 35 2d 39 34 39 | 32 0a 0a 56 6f 6c 75 6d |-725-949|2..Volum|
|00005c80| 65 2d 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 56 6f 6c 75 6d 65 |e-Number|: Volume|
|00005c90| 20 35 2c 20 4e 75 6d 62 | 65 72 20 36 0a 0a 46 72 | 5, Numb|er 6..Fr|
|00005ca0| 6f 6d 20 6a 73 71 20 20 | 53 75 6e 20 4a 61 6e 20 |om jsq  |Sun Jan |
|00005cb0| 20 35 20 31 30 3a 32 33 | 3a 35 31 20 31 39 38 36 | 5 10:23|:51 1986|
|00005cc0| 0a 46 72 6f 6d 3a 20 73 | 74 64 2d 75 6e 69 78 25 |.From: s|td-unix%|
|00005cd0| 75 74 2d 73 61 6c 6c 79 | 2e 55 55 43 50 40 53 41 |ut-sally|.UUCP@SA|
|00005ce0| 4c 4c 59 2e 55 54 45 58 | 41 53 2e 45 44 55 20 28 |LLY.UTEX|AS.EDU (|
|00005cf0| 4d 6f 64 65 72 61 74 6f | 72 2c 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 |Moderato|r, John |
|00005d00| 51 75 61 72 74 65 72 6d | 61 6e 29 0a 4e 65 77 73 |Quarterm|an).News|
|00005d10| 67 72 6f 75 70 73 3a 20 | 6d 6f 64 2e 73 74 64 2e |groups: |mod.std.|
|00005d20| 75 6e 69 78 0a 53 75 62 | 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 52 65 |unix.Sub|ject: Re|
|00005d30| 3a 20 54 69 6d 65 20 5a | 6f 6e 65 73 3b 20 56 35 |: Time Z|ones; V5|
|00005d40| 4e 37 0a 4d 65 73 73 61 | 67 65 2d 49 64 3a 20 3c |N7.Messa|ge-Id: <|
|00005d50| 33 39 32 30 40 75 74 2d | 73 61 6c 6c 79 2e 55 55 |3920@ut-|sally.UU|
|00005d60| 43 50 3e 0a 4f 72 67 61 | 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e |CP>.Orga|nization|
|00005d70| 3a 20 49 45 45 45 2f 50 | 31 30 30 33 20 50 6f 72 |: IEEE/P|1003 Por|
|00005d80| 74 61 62 6c 65 20 4f 70 | 65 72 61 74 69 6e 67 20 |table Op|erating |
|00005d90| 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 45 | 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 |System E|nvironme|
|00005da0| 6e 74 20 43 6f 6d 6d 69 | 74 74 65 65 0a 44 61 74 |nt Commi|ttee.Dat|
|00005db0| 65 3a 20 35 20 4a 61 6e | 20 38 36 20 31 36 3a 32 |e: 5 Jan| 86 16:2|
|00005dc0| 33 3a 34 30 20 47 4d 54 | 0a 44 72 61 66 74 2d 39 |3:40 GMT|.Draft-9|
|00005dd0| 3a 20 54 5a 0a 0a 44 61 | 74 65 3a 20 53 75 6e 2c |: TZ..Da|te: Sun,|
|00005de0| 20 35 20 4a 61 6e 20 38 | 36 20 30 30 3a 35 32 3a | 5 Jan 8|6 00:52:|
|00005df0| 33 37 20 65 73 74 0a 46 | 72 6f 6d 3a 20 73 65 69 |37 est.F|rom: sei|
|00005e00| 73 6d 6f 21 68 61 72 76 | 61 72 64 21 74 68 69 6e |smo!harv|ard!thin|
|00005e10| 6b 21 6d 69 74 2d 65 64 | 64 69 65 21 62 61 72 6d |k!mit-ed|die!barm|
|00005e20| 61 72 40 73 61 6c 6c 79 | 2e 55 54 45 58 41 53 2e |ar@sally|.UTEXAS.|
|00005e30| 45 44 55 20 28 42 61 72 | 72 79 20 4d 61 72 67 6f |EDU (Bar|ry Margo|
|00005e40| 6c 69 6e 29 0a 0a 49 6e | 20 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 |lin)..In| respons|
|00005e50| 65 20 74 6f 20 4d 61 72 | 6b 20 48 6f 72 74 6f 6e |e to Mar|k Horton|
|00005e60| 27 73 20 70 6f 73 74 69 | 6e 67 20 61 62 6f 75 74 |'s posti|ng about|
|00005e70| 20 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f | 6e 65 73 3a 0a 0a 4d 75 | time zo|nes:..Mu|
|00005e80| 6c 74 69 63 73 20 68 61 | 73 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 68 |ltics ha|s long h|
|00005e90| 61 64 20 70 65 72 2d 70 | 72 6f 63 65 73 73 20 74 |ad per-p|rocess t|
|00005ea0| 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 | 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |ime zone|s, and t|
|00005eb0| 68 65 79 20 61 72 65 20 | 65 78 74 72 65 6d 65 6c |hey are |extremel|
|00005ec0| 79 0a 68 65 61 76 69 6c | 79 20 75 73 65 64 20 6f |y.heavil|y used o|
|00005ed0| 6e 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 |n system|s which |
|00005ee0| 68 61 76 65 20 75 73 65 | 72 73 20 6c 6f 67 67 69 |have use|rs loggi|
|00005ef0| 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 61 63 72 6f 73 |ng in fr|om acros|
|00005f00| 73 20 74 68 65 0a 63 6f | 75 6e 74 72 79 20 28 6f |s the.co|untry (o|
|00005f10| 72 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 2c | 20 69 6e 20 73 6f 6d 65 |r world,| in some|
|00005f20| 20 63 61 73 65 73 29 2e | 20 20 4d 6f 73 74 20 6f | cases).|  Most o|
|00005f30| 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 | 6f 70 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 |f the pe|ople in |
|00005f40| 6d 79 20 43 61 6d 62 72 | 69 64 67 65 2c 0a 4d 41 |my Cambr|idge,.MA|
|00005f50| 20 6f 66 66 69 63 65 20 | 75 73 65 20 61 20 73 79 | office |use a sy|
|00005f60| 73 74 65 6d 20 69 6e 20 | 50 68 6f 65 6e 69 78 2c |stem in |Phoenix,|
|00005f70| 20 41 5a 20 71 75 69 74 | 65 20 61 20 62 69 74 2c | AZ quit|e a bit,|
|00005f80| 20 61 6e 64 20 49 20 61 | 6d 20 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 | and I a|m consid|
|00005f90| 65 72 65 64 0a 75 6e 75 | 73 75 61 6c 20 62 65 63 |ered.unu|sual bec|
|00005fa0| 61 75 73 65 20 49 20 64 | 6f 6e 27 74 20 62 6f 74 |ause I d|on't bot|
|00005fb0| 68 65 72 20 74 6f 20 73 | 65 74 20 6d 79 20 74 69 |her to s|et my ti|
|00005fc0| 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 | 74 6f 20 45 53 54 2e 0a |me zone |to EST..|
|00005fd0| 0a 4f 6e 65 20 67 6f 6f | 64 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 |.One goo|d argume|
|00005fe0| 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 20 6f | 6e 6c 79 20 68 61 76 69 |nt for o|nly havi|
|00005ff0| 6e 67 20 73 79 73 74 65 | 6d 20 7a 6f 6e 65 73 20 |ng syste|m zones |
|00006000| 74 68 61 74 20 77 61 73 | 20 6d 61 64 65 20 77 61 |that was| made wa|
|00006010| 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 0a | 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 |s about.|software|
|00006020| 20 74 68 61 74 20 6d 61 | 6b 65 73 20 63 72 69 74 | that ma|kes crit|
|00006030| 69 63 61 6c 20 64 65 63 | 69 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 62 |ical dec|isions b|
|00006040| 61 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 74 69 6d 65 |ased on |the time|
|00006050| 20 6f 66 20 64 61 79 20 | 28 74 68 65 0a 65 78 61 | of day |(the.exa|
|00006060| 6d 70 6c 65 20 77 61 73 | 20 61 20 77 72 61 70 70 |mple was| a wrapp|
|00006070| 65 72 20 66 6f 72 20 75 | 75 63 69 63 6f 20 74 68 |er for u|ucico th|
|00006080| 61 74 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 | 20 73 75 72 65 20 74 68 |at makes| sure th|
|00006090| 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 69 | 73 6e 27 74 20 62 65 69 |e call i|sn't bei|
|000060a0| 6e 67 0a 6d 61 64 65 20 | 64 75 72 69 6e 67 20 74 |ng.made |during t|
|000060b0| 68 65 20 64 61 79 29 2e | 20 20 54 68 65 20 73 6f |he day).|  The so|
|000060c0| 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 66 6f 72 20 73 75 |lution i|s for su|
|000060d0| 63 68 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 73 20 74 6f 20 69 |ch progr|ams to i|
|000060e0| 67 6e 6f 72 65 0a 74 68 | 65 20 54 5a 20 69 6e 68 |gnore.th|e TZ inh|
|000060f0| 65 72 69 74 65 64 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |erited f|rom the |
|00006100| 63 61 6c 6c 65 72 2c 20 | 70 65 72 68 61 70 73 20 |caller, |perhaps |
|00006110| 75 73 69 6e 67 20 61 20 | 6e 65 77 20 73 79 73 74 |using a |new syst|
|00006120| 65 6d 20 63 61 6c 6c 0a | 74 68 61 74 20 67 65 74 |em call.|that get|
|00006130| 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 2d 64 65 66 |s the sy|stem-def|
|00006140| 61 75 6c 74 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 7a 6f 6e 65 2e 20 |ault tim|e zone. |
|00006150| 20 57 65 20 64 6f 6e 27 | 74 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 | We don'|t have t|
|00006160| 68 69 73 20 70 72 6f 62 | 6c 65 6d 0a 6f 6e 20 4d |his prob|lem.on M|
|00006170| 75 6c 74 69 63 73 20 62 | 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 73 |ultics b|ecause s|
|00006180| 65 63 75 72 69 74 79 20 | 64 65 63 69 73 69 6f 6e |ecurity |decision|
|00006190| 73 20 61 72 65 20 65 69 | 74 68 65 72 20 6d 61 64 |s are ei|ther mad|
|000061a0| 65 20 69 6e 20 64 61 65 | 6d 6f 6e 20 70 72 6f 63 |e in dae|mon proc|
|000061b0| 65 73 73 65 73 0a 6f 72 | 20 69 6e 20 69 6e 6e 65 |esses.or| in inne|
|000061c0| 72 2d 72 69 6e 67 20 73 | 75 62 72 6f 75 74 69 6e |r-ring s|ubroutin|
|000061d0| 65 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 70 65 72 2d 70 72 6f 63 |es, and |per-proc|
|000061e0| 65 73 73 20 76 61 72 69 | 61 62 6c 65 73 20 61 72 |ess vari|ables ar|
|000061f0| 65 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c | 6c 79 0a 70 65 72 2d 70 |e actual|ly.per-p|
|00006200| 72 6f 63 65 73 73 20 70 | 65 72 2d 72 69 6e 67 2c |rocess p|er-ring,|
|00006210| 20 73 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | 75 73 65 72 27 73 20 70 | so the |user's p|
|00006220| 65 72 73 6f 6e 61 6c 69 | 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 67 |ersonali|zation g|
|00006230| 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 |enerally| doesn't|
|00006240| 0a 61 66 66 65 63 74 20 | 73 65 63 75 72 65 20 64 |.affect |secure d|
|00006250| 6f 6d 61 69 6e 73 2e 0a | 0a 4f 6e 65 20 61 70 70 |omains..|.One app|
|00006260| 61 72 65 6e 74 20 64 69 | 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 |arent di|fference|
|00006270| 20 69 6e 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 7a 6f 6e 65 20 73 65 | in time| zone se|
|00006280| 6d 61 6e 74 69 63 73 20 | 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 |mantics |between |
|00006290| 55 6e 69 78 20 61 6e 64 | 20 4d 75 6c 74 69 63 73 |Unix and| Multics|
|000062a0| 0a 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 62 65 68 61 76 69 6f 72 |.is the |behavior|
|000062b0| 20 6f 66 20 70 61 73 74 | 2f 66 75 74 75 72 65 20 | of past|/future |
|000062c0| 74 69 6d 65 73 2e 20 20 | 4f 6e 20 4d 75 6c 74 69 |times.  |On Multi|
|000062d0| 63 73 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 74 69 6d 65 20 7a 6f 6e |cs, the |time zon|
|000062e0| 65 20 69 6e 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 0a 61 20 64 61 74 |e in whi|ch.a dat|
|000062f0| 65 2f 74 69 6d 65 20 73 | 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 |e/time s|hould be|
|00006300| 20 63 6f 6e 76 65 72 74 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 47 4d | convert|ed to GM|
|00006310| 54 20 69 73 20 61 6e 20 | 49 4e 50 55 54 20 70 61 |T is an |INPUT pa|
|00006320| 72 61 6d 65 74 65 72 2c | 20 64 65 66 61 75 6c 74 |rameter,| default|
|00006330| 69 6e 67 0a 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 |ing.to t|he proce|
|00006340| 73 73 27 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 7a 6f 6e 65 3b 20 77 |ss' time| zone; w|
|00006350| 65 20 64 6f 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 61 74 74 65 6d 70 74 |e do not| attempt|
|00006360| 20 74 6f 20 64 65 74 65 | 72 6d 69 6e 65 20 77 68 | to dete|rmine wh|
|00006370| 65 74 68 65 72 20 44 53 | 54 0a 77 61 73 20 69 6e |ether DS|T.was in|
|00006380| 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 64 | effect |on the d|
|00006390| 61 74 65 20 62 65 69 6e | 67 20 63 6f 6e 76 65 72 |ate bein|g conver|
|000063a0| 74 65 64 2e 20 20 57 65 | 20 74 68 65 72 65 66 6f |ted.  We| therefo|
|000063b0| 72 65 20 68 61 76 65 20 | 6e 6f 20 6e 65 65 64 0a |re have |no need.|
|000063c0| 66 6f 72 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 6c 65 78 20 44 53 54 20 |for comp|lex DST |
|000063d0| 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 61 74 20 72 |calculat|ion at r|
|000063e0| 75 6e 20 74 69 6d 65 2e | 20 20 57 68 65 74 68 65 |un time.|  Whethe|
|000063f0| 72 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 | 73 20 63 6f 6e 73 69 64 |r this i|s consid|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+